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@c The GNU Free Documentation License. |
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@center Version 1.2, November 2002 |
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@c This file is intended to be included within another document, |
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@c hence no sectioning command or @node. |
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@display |
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Copyright @copyright{} 2000,2001,2002 Free Software Foundation, Inc. |
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51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301, USA |
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Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies |
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of this license document, but changing it is not allowed. |
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@end display |
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@enumerate 0 |
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@item |
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PREAMBLE |
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The purpose of this License is to make a manual, textbook, or other |
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functional and useful document @dfn{free} in the sense of freedom: to |
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assure everyone the effective freedom to copy and redistribute it, |
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with or without modifying it, either commercially or noncommercially. |
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Secondarily, this License preserves for the author and publisher a way |
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to get credit for their work, while not being considered responsible |
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for modifications made by others. |
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This License is a kind of ``copyleft'', which means that derivative |
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works of the document must themselves be free in the same sense. It |
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complements the GNU General Public License, which is a copyleft |
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license designed for free software. |
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We have designed this License in order to use it for manuals for free |
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software, because free software needs free documentation: a free |
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program should come with manuals providing the same freedoms that the |
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software does. But this License is not limited to software manuals; |
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it can be used for any textual work, regardless of subject matter or |
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whether it is published as a printed book. We recommend this License |
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principally for works whose purpose is instruction or reference. |
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@item |
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APPLICABILITY AND DEFINITIONS |
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This License applies to any manual or other work, in any medium, that |
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contains a notice placed by the copyright holder saying it can be |
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distributed under the terms of this License. Such a notice grants a |
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world-wide, royalty-free license, unlimited in duration, to use that |
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work under the conditions stated herein. The ``Document'', below, |
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refers to any such manual or work. Any member of the public is a |
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licensee, and is addressed as ``you''. You accept the license if you |
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copy, modify or distribute the work in a way requiring permission |
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under copyright law. |
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A ``Modified Version'' of the Document means any work containing the |
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Document or a portion of it, either copied verbatim, or with |
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modifications and/or translated into another language. |
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A ``Secondary Section'' is a named appendix or a front-matter section |
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of the Document that deals exclusively with the relationship of the |
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publishers or authors of the Document to the Document's overall |
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subject (or to related matters) and contains nothing that could fall |
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directly within that overall subject. (Thus, if the Document is in |
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part a textbook of mathematics, a Secondary Section may not explain |
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any mathematics.) The relationship could be a matter of historical |
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connection with the subject or with related matters, or of legal, |
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commercial, philosophical, ethical or political position regarding |
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them. |
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The ``Invariant Sections'' are certain Secondary Sections whose titles |
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are designated, as being those of Invariant Sections, in the notice |
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that says that the Document is released under this License. If a |
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section does not fit the above definition of Secondary then it is not |
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allowed to be designated as Invariant. The Document may contain zero |
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Invariant Sections. If the Document does not identify any Invariant |
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Sections then there are none. |
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The ``Cover Texts'' are certain short passages of text that are listed, |
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as Front-Cover Texts or Back-Cover Texts, in the notice that says that |
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the Document is released under this License. A Front-Cover Text may |
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be at most 5 words, and a Back-Cover Text may be at most 25 words. |
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A ``Transparent'' copy of the Document means a machine-readable copy, |
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represented in a format whose specification is available to the |
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general public, that is suitable for revising the document |
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straightforwardly with generic text editors or (for images composed of |
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pixels) generic paint programs or (for drawings) some widely available |
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drawing editor, and that is suitable for input to text formatters or |
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for automatic translation to a variety of formats suitable for input |
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to text formatters. A copy made in an otherwise Transparent file |
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format whose markup, or absence of markup, has been arranged to thwart |
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or discourage subsequent modification by readers is not Transparent. |
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An image format is not Transparent if used for any substantial amount |
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of text. A copy that is not ``Transparent'' is called ``Opaque''. |
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Examples of suitable formats for Transparent copies include plain |
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@sc{ascii} without markup, Texinfo input format, La@TeX{} input |
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format, @acronym{SGML} or @acronym{XML} using a publicly available |
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@acronym{DTD}, and standard-conforming simple @acronym{HTML}, |
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PostScript or @acronym{PDF} designed for human modification. Examples |
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of transparent image formats include @acronym{PNG}, @acronym{XCF} and |
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@acronym{JPG}. Opaque formats include proprietary formats that can be |
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read and edited only by proprietary word processors, @acronym{SGML} or |
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@acronym{XML} for which the @acronym{DTD} and/or processing tools are |
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not generally available, and the machine-generated @acronym{HTML}, |
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PostScript or @acronym{PDF} produced by some word processors for |
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output purposes only. |
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The ``Title Page'' means, for a printed book, the title page itself, |
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plus such following pages as are needed to hold, legibly, the material |
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this License requires to appear in the title page. For works in |
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formats which do not have any title page as such, ``Title Page'' means |
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the text near the most prominent appearance of the work's title, |
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preceding the beginning of the body of the text. |
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A section ``Entitled XYZ'' means a named subunit of the Document whose |
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title either is precisely XYZ or contains XYZ in parentheses following |
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text that translates XYZ in another language. (Here XYZ stands for a |
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specific section name mentioned below, such as ``Acknowledgements'', |
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``Dedications'', ``Endorsements'', or ``History''.) To ``Preserve the Title'' |
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of such a section when you modify the Document means that it remains a |
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section ``Entitled XYZ'' according to this definition. |
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The Document may include Warranty Disclaimers next to the notice which |
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states that this License applies to the Document. These Warranty |
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Disclaimers are considered to be included by reference in this |
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License, but only as regards disclaiming warranties: any other |
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implication that these Warranty Disclaimers may have is void and has |
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no effect on the meaning of this License. |
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@item |
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VERBATIM COPYING |
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You may copy and distribute the Document in any medium, either |
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commercially or noncommercially, provided that this License, the |
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copyright notices, and the license notice saying this License applies |
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to the Document are reproduced in all copies, and that you add no other |
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conditions whatsoever to those of this License. You may not use |
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technical measures to obstruct or control the reading or further |
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copying of the copies you make or distribute. However, you may accept |
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compensation in exchange for copies. If you distribute a large enough |
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number of copies you must also follow the conditions in section 3. |
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You may also lend copies, under the same conditions stated above, and |
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you may publicly display copies. |
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@item |
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COPYING IN QUANTITY |
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If you publish printed copies (or copies in media that commonly have |
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printed covers) of the Document, numbering more than 100, and the |
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Document's license notice requires Cover Texts, you must enclose the |
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copies in covers that carry, clearly and legibly, all these Cover |
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Texts: Front-Cover Texts on the front cover, and Back-Cover Texts on |
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the back cover. Both covers must also clearly and legibly identify |
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you as the publisher of these copies. The front cover must present |
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the full title with all words of the title equally prominent and |
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visible. You may add other material on the covers in addition. |
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Copying with changes limited to the covers, as long as they preserve |
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the title of the Document and satisfy these conditions, can be treated |
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as verbatim copying in other respects. |
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If the required texts for either cover are too voluminous to fit |
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legibly, you should put the first ones listed (as many as fit |
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reasonably) on the actual cover, and continue the rest onto adjacent |
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pages. |
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If you publish or distribute Opaque copies of the Document numbering |
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more than 100, you must either include a machine-readable Transparent |
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copy along with each Opaque copy, or state in or with each Opaque copy |
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a computer-network location from which the general network-using |
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public has access to download using public-standard network protocols |
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a complete Transparent copy of the Document, free of added material. |
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If you use the latter option, you must take reasonably prudent steps, |
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when you begin distribution of Opaque copies in quantity, to ensure |
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that this Transparent copy will remain thus accessible at the stated |
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location until at least one year after the last time you distribute an |
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Opaque copy (directly or through your agents or retailers) of that |
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edition to the public. |
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It is requested, but not required, that you contact the authors of the |
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Document well before redistributing any large number of copies, to give |
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them a chance to provide you with an updated version of the Document. |
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@item |
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MODIFICATIONS |
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You may copy and distribute a Modified Version of the Document under |
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the conditions of sections 2 and 3 above, provided that you release |
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the Modified Version under precisely this License, with the Modified |
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Version filling the role of the Document, thus licensing distribution |
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and modification of the Modified Version to whoever possesses a copy |
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of it. In addition, you must do these things in the Modified Version: |
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@enumerate A |
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@item |
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Use in the Title Page (and on the covers, if any) a title distinct |
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from that of the Document, and from those of previous versions |
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(which should, if there were any, be listed in the History section |
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of the Document). You may use the same title as a previous version |
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if the original publisher of that version gives permission. |
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@item |
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List on the Title Page, as authors, one or more persons or entities |
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responsible for authorship of the modifications in the Modified |
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Version, together with at least five of the principal authors of the |
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Document (all of its principal authors, if it has fewer than five), |
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unless they release you from this requirement. |
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@item |
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State on the Title page the name of the publisher of the |
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Modified Version, as the publisher. |
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@item |
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Preserve all the copyright notices of the Document. |
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@item |
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Add an appropriate copyright notice for your modifications |
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adjacent to the other copyright notices. |
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@item |
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Include, immediately after the copyright notices, a license notice |
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giving the public permission to use the Modified Version under the |
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terms of this License, in the form shown in the Addendum below. |
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@item |
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Preserve in that license notice the full lists of Invariant Sections |
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and required Cover Texts given in the Document's license notice. |
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@item |
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Include an unaltered copy of this License. |
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@item |
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Preserve the section Entitled ``History'', Preserve its Title, and add |
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to it an item stating at least the title, year, new authors, and |
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publisher of the Modified Version as given on the Title Page. If |
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there is no section Entitled ``History'' in the Document, create one |
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stating the title, year, authors, and publisher of the Document as |
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given on its Title Page, then add an item describing the Modified |
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Version as stated in the previous sentence. |
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@item |
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Preserve the network location, if any, given in the Document for |
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public access to a Transparent copy of the Document, and likewise |
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the network locations given in the Document for previous versions |
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it was based on. These may be placed in the ``History'' section. |
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You may omit a network location for a work that was published at |
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least four years before the Document itself, or if the original |
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publisher of the version it refers to gives permission. |
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@item |
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For any section Entitled ``Acknowledgements'' or ``Dedications'', Preserve |
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the Title of the section, and preserve in the section all the |
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substance and tone of each of the contributor acknowledgements and/or |
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dedications given therein. |
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@item |
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Preserve all the Invariant Sections of the Document, |
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unaltered in their text and in their titles. Section numbers |
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or the equivalent are not considered part of the section titles. |
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@item |
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Delete any section Entitled ``Endorsements''. Such a section |
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may not be included in the Modified Version. |
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@item |
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Do not retitle any existing section to be Entitled ``Endorsements'' or |
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to conflict in title with any Invariant Section. |
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@item |
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Preserve any Warranty Disclaimers. |
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@end enumerate |
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If the Modified Version includes new front-matter sections or |
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appendices that qualify as Secondary Sections and contain no material |
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copied from the Document, you may at your option designate some or all |
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of these sections as invariant. To do this, add their titles to the |
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list of Invariant Sections in the Modified Version's license notice. |
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These titles must be distinct from any other section titles. |
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You may add a section Entitled ``Endorsements'', provided it contains |
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nothing but endorsements of your Modified Version by various |
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parties---for example, statements of peer review or that the text has |
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been approved by an organization as the authoritative definition of a |
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standard. |
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You may add a passage of up to five words as a Front-Cover Text, and a |
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passage of up to 25 words as a Back-Cover Text, to the end of the list |
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of Cover Texts in the Modified Version. Only one passage of |
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Front-Cover Text and one of Back-Cover Text may be added by (or |
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through arrangements made by) any one entity. If the Document already |
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includes a cover text for the same cover, previously added by you or |
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by arrangement made by the same entity you are acting on behalf of, |
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you may not add another; but you may replace the old one, on explicit |
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permission from the previous publisher that added the old one. |
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The author(s) and publisher(s) of the Document do not by this License |
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give permission to use their names for publicity for or to assert or |
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imply endorsement of any Modified Version. |
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@item |
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COMBINING DOCUMENTS |
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You may combine the Document with other documents released under this |
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License, under the terms defined in section 4 above for modified |
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versions, provided that you include in the combination all of the |
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Invariant Sections of all of the original documents, unmodified, and |
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list them all as Invariant Sections of your combined work in its |
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license notice, and that you preserve all their Warranty Disclaimers. |
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The combined work need only contain one copy of this License, and |
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multiple identical Invariant Sections may be replaced with a single |
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copy. If there are multiple Invariant Sections with the same name but |
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different contents, make the title of each such section unique by |
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adding at the end of it, in parentheses, the name of the original |
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author or publisher of that section if known, or else a unique number. |
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Make the same adjustment to the section titles in the list of |
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Invariant Sections in the license notice of the combined work. |
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In the combination, you must combine any sections Entitled ``History'' |
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in the various original documents, forming one section Entitled |
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``History''; likewise combine any sections Entitled ``Acknowledgements'', |
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and any sections Entitled ``Dedications''. You must delete all |
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sections Entitled ``Endorsements.'' |
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@item |
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COLLECTIONS OF DOCUMENTS |
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You may make a collection consisting of the Document and other documents |
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released under this License, and replace the individual copies of this |
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|
License in the various documents with a single copy that is included in |
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the collection, provided that you follow the rules of this License for |
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verbatim copying of each of the documents in all other respects. |
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You may extract a single document from such a collection, and distribute |
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it individually under this License, provided you insert a copy of this |
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License into the extracted document, and follow this License in all |
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other respects regarding verbatim copying of that document. |
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@item |
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AGGREGATION WITH INDEPENDENT WORKS |
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A compilation of the Document or its derivatives with other separate |
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and independent documents or works, in or on a volume of a storage or |
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distribution medium, is called an ``aggregate'' if the copyright |
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resulting from the compilation is not used to limit the legal rights |
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of the compilation's users beyond what the individual works permit. |
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When the Document is included in an aggregate, this License does not |
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apply to the other works in the aggregate which are not themselves |
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derivative works of the Document. |
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If the Cover Text requirement of section 3 is applicable to these |
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copies of the Document, then if the Document is less than one half of |
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the entire aggregate, the Document's Cover Texts may be placed on |
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covers that bracket the Document within the aggregate, or the |
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electronic equivalent of covers if the Document is in electronic form. |
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Otherwise they must appear on printed covers that bracket the whole |
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aggregate. |
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@item |
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TRANSLATION |
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Translation is considered a kind of modification, so you may |
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distribute translations of the Document under the terms of section 4. |
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Replacing Invariant Sections with translations requires special |
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permission from their copyright holders, but you may include |
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translations of some or all Invariant Sections in addition to the |
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|
original versions of these Invariant Sections. You may include a |
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|
translation of this License, and all the license notices in the |
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|
Document, and any Warranty Disclaimers, provided that you also include |
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|
the original English version of this License and the original versions |
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|
of those notices and disclaimers. In case of a disagreement between |
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the translation and the original version of this License or a notice |
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|
or disclaimer, the original version will prevail. |
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If a section in the Document is Entitled ``Acknowledgements'', |
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``Dedications'', or ``History'', the requirement (section 4) to Preserve |
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its Title (section 1) will typically require changing the actual |
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title. |
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@item |
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TERMINATION |
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You may not copy, modify, sublicense, or distribute the Document except |
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as expressly provided for under this License. Any other attempt to |
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copy, modify, sublicense or distribute the Document is void, and will |
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automatically terminate your rights under this License. However, |
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parties who have received copies, or rights, from you under this |
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License will not have their licenses terminated so long as such |
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parties remain in full compliance. |
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@item |
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FUTURE REVISIONS OF THIS LICENSE |
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The Free Software Foundation may publish new, revised versions |
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of the GNU Free Documentation License from time to time. Such new |
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versions will be similar in spirit to the present version, but may |
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differ in detail to address new problems or concerns. See |
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@uref{http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/}. |
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Each version of the License is given a distinguishing version number. |
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If the Document specifies that a particular numbered version of this |
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License ``or any later version'' applies to it, you have the option of |
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following the terms and conditions either of that specified version or |
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of any later version that has been published (not as a draft) by the |
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Free Software Foundation. If the Document does not specify a version |
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number of this License, you may choose any version ever published (not |
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as a draft) by the Free Software Foundation. |
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@end enumerate |
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@page |
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@heading ADDENDUM: How to use this License for your documents |
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To use this License in a document you have written, include a copy of |
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the License in the document and put the following copyright and |
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license notices just after the title page: |
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@smallexample |
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@group |
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Copyright (C) @var{year} @var{your name}. |
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Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document |
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under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 |
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or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; |
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with no Invariant Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover |
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Texts. A copy of the license is included in the section entitled ``GNU |
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Free Documentation License''. |
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@end group |
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@end smallexample |
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If you have Invariant Sections, Front-Cover Texts and Back-Cover Texts, |
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replace the ``with@dots{}Texts.'' line with this: |
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@smallexample |
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@group |
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with the Invariant Sections being @var{list their titles}, with |
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the Front-Cover Texts being @var{list}, and with the Back-Cover Texts |
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being @var{list}. |
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@end group |
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@end smallexample |
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If you have Invariant Sections without Cover Texts, or some other |
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combination of the three, merge those two alternatives to suit the |
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situation. |
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If your document contains nontrivial examples of program code, we |
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recommend releasing these examples in parallel under your choice of |
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free software license, such as the GNU General Public License, |
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to permit their use in free software. |
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@c Local Variables: |
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@c ispell-local-pdict: "ispell-dict" |
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@c End: |
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Jaussoin Timothée
11 years ago
