mariadb/storage/xtradb/dict/dict0load.cc

/*****************************************************************************

Copyright (c) 1996, 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved.
Copyright (c) 2016, MariaDB Corporation.

This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under
the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software
Foundation; version 2 of the License.

This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS
FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License for more details.

You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with
this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc.,
51 Franklin Street, Suite 500, Boston, MA 02110-1335 USA

*****************************************************************************/

/**************************************************//**
@file dict/dict0load.cc
Loads to the memory cache database object definitions
from dictionary tables

Created 4/24/1996 Heikki Tuuri
*******************************************************/

#include "dict0load.h"
#include "mysql_version.h"

#ifdef UNIV_NONINL
#include "dict0load.ic"
#endif

#include "btr0pcur.h"
#include "btr0btr.h"
#include "page0page.h"
#include "mach0data.h"
#include "dict0dict.h"
#include "dict0boot.h"
#include "dict0stats.h"
#include "rem0cmp.h"
#include "srv0start.h"
#include "srv0srv.h"
#include "dict0crea.h"
#include "dict0priv.h"
#include "ha_prototypes.h" /* innobase_casedn_str() */
#include "fts0priv.h"

/** Following are the InnoDB system tables. The positions in
this array are referenced by enum dict_system_table_id. */
static const char* SYSTEM_TABLE_NAME[] = {
	"SYS_TABLES",
	"SYS_INDEXES",
	"SYS_COLUMNS",
	"SYS_FIELDS",
	"SYS_FOREIGN",
	"SYS_FOREIGN_COLS",
	"SYS_TABLESPACES",
	"SYS_DATAFILES"
};

/* If this flag is TRUE, then we will load the cluster index's (and tables')
metadata even if it is marked as "corrupted". */
UNIV_INTERN my_bool     srv_load_corrupted = FALSE;

#ifdef UNIV_DEBUG
/****************************************************************//**
Compare the name of an index column.
@return	TRUE if the i'th column of index is 'name'. */
static
ibool
name_of_col_is(
/*===========*/
	const dict_table_t*	table,	/*!< in: table */
	const dict_index_t*	index,	/*!< in: index */
	ulint			i,	/*!< in: index field offset */
	const char*		name)	/*!< in: name to compare to */
{
	ulint	tmp = dict_col_get_no(dict_field_get_col(
					      dict_index_get_nth_field(
						      index, i)));

	return(strcmp(name, dict_table_get_col_name(table, tmp)) == 0);
}
#endif /* UNIV_DEBUG */

/********************************************************************//**
Finds the first table name in the given database.
@return own: table name, NULL if does not exist; the caller must free
the memory in the string! */
UNIV_INTERN
char*
dict_get_first_table_name_in_db(
/*============================*/
	const char*	name)	/*!< in: database name which ends in '/' */
{
	dict_table_t*	sys_tables;
	btr_pcur_t	pcur;
	dict_index_t*	sys_index;
	dtuple_t*	tuple;
	mem_heap_t*	heap;
	dfield_t*	dfield;
	const rec_t*	rec;
	const byte*	field;
	ulint		len;
	mtr_t		mtr;

	ut_ad(mutex_own(&(dict_sys->mutex)));

	heap = mem_heap_create(1000);

	mtr_start(&mtr);

	sys_tables = dict_table_get_low("SYS_TABLES");
	sys_index = UT_LIST_GET_FIRST(sys_tables->indexes);
	ut_ad(!dict_table_is_comp(sys_tables));

	tuple = dtuple_create(heap, 1);
	dfield = dtuple_get_nth_field(tuple, 0);

	dfield_set_data(dfield, name, ut_strlen(name));
	dict_index_copy_types(tuple, sys_index, 1);

	btr_pcur_open_on_user_rec(sys_index, tuple, PAGE_CUR_GE,
				  BTR_SEARCH_LEAF, &pcur, &mtr);
loop:
	rec = btr_pcur_get_rec(&pcur);

	if (!btr_pcur_is_on_user_rec(&pcur)) {
		/* Not found */

		btr_pcur_close(&pcur);
		mtr_commit(&mtr);
		mem_heap_free(heap);

		return(NULL);
	}

	field = rec_get_nth_field_old(
		rec, DICT_FLD__SYS_TABLES__NAME, &len);

	if (len < strlen(name)
	    || ut_memcmp(name, field, strlen(name)) != 0) {
		/* Not found */

		btr_pcur_close(&pcur);
		mtr_commit(&mtr);
		mem_heap_free(heap);

		return(NULL);
	}

	if (!rec_get_deleted_flag(rec, 0)) {

		/* We found one */

		char*	table_name = mem_strdupl((char*) field, len);

		btr_pcur_close(&pcur);
		mtr_commit(&mtr);
		mem_heap_free(heap);

		return(table_name);
	}

	btr_pcur_move_to_next_user_rec(&pcur, &mtr);

	goto loop;
}

/********************************************************************//**
Prints to the standard output information on all tables found in the data
dictionary system table. */
UNIV_INTERN
void
dict_print(void)
/*============*/
{
	dict_table_t*	table;
	btr_pcur_t	pcur;
	const rec_t*	rec;
	mem_heap_t*	heap;
	mtr_t		mtr;

	/* Enlarge the fatal semaphore wait timeout during the InnoDB table
	monitor printout */

	os_increment_counter_by_amount(
		server_mutex,
		srv_fatal_semaphore_wait_threshold,
		SRV_SEMAPHORE_WAIT_EXTENSION);

	heap = mem_heap_create(1000);
	mutex_enter(&(dict_sys->mutex));
	mtr_start(&mtr);

	rec = dict_startscan_system(&pcur, &mtr, SYS_TABLES);

	while (rec) {
		const char* err_msg;

		err_msg = static_cast<const char*>(
			dict_process_sys_tables_rec_and_mtr_commit(
				heap, rec, &table, DICT_TABLE_LOAD_FROM_CACHE,
				&mtr));

		if (!err_msg) {
			dict_table_print(table);
		} else {
			ut_print_timestamp(stderr);
			fprintf(stderr, "  InnoDB: %s\n", err_msg);
		}

		mem_heap_empty(heap);

		mtr_start(&mtr);
		rec = dict_getnext_system(&pcur, &mtr);
	}

	mtr_commit(&mtr);
	mutex_exit(&(dict_sys->mutex));
	mem_heap_free(heap);

	/* Restore the fatal semaphore wait timeout */
	os_decrement_counter_by_amount(
		server_mutex,
		srv_fatal_semaphore_wait_threshold,
		SRV_SEMAPHORE_WAIT_EXTENSION);
}

/********************************************************************//**
This function gets the next system table record as it scans the table.
@return	the next record if found, NULL if end of scan */
static
const rec_t*
dict_getnext_system_low(
/*====================*/
	btr_pcur_t*	pcur,		/*!< in/out: persistent cursor to the
					record*/
	mtr_t*		mtr)		/*!< in: the mini-transaction */
{
	rec_t*	rec = NULL;

	while (!rec || rec_get_deleted_flag(rec, 0)) {
		btr_pcur_move_to_next_user_rec(pcur, mtr);

		rec = btr_pcur_get_rec(pcur);

		if (!btr_pcur_is_on_user_rec(pcur)) {
			/* end of index */
			btr_pcur_close(pcur);

			return(NULL);
		}
	}

	/* Get a record, let's save the position */
	btr_pcur_store_position(pcur, mtr);

	return(rec);
}

/********************************************************************//**
This function opens a system table, and returns the first record.
@return	first record of the system table */
UNIV_INTERN
const rec_t*
dict_startscan_system(
/*==================*/
	btr_pcur_t*	pcur,		/*!< out: persistent cursor to
					the record */
	mtr_t*		mtr,		/*!< in: the mini-transaction */
	dict_system_id_t system_id)	/*!< in: which system table to open */
{
	dict_table_t*	system_table;
	dict_index_t*	clust_index;
	const rec_t*	rec;

	ut_a(system_id < SYS_NUM_SYSTEM_TABLES);

	system_table = dict_table_get_low(SYSTEM_TABLE_NAME[system_id]);

	clust_index = UT_LIST_GET_FIRST(system_table->indexes);

	btr_pcur_open_at_index_side(true, clust_index, BTR_SEARCH_LEAF, pcur,
				    true, 0, mtr);

	rec = dict_getnext_system_low(pcur, mtr);

	return(rec);
}

/********************************************************************//**
This function gets the next system table record as it scans the table.
@return	the next record if found, NULL if end of scan */
UNIV_INTERN
const rec_t*
dict_getnext_system(
/*================*/
	btr_pcur_t*	pcur,		/*!< in/out: persistent cursor
					to the record */
	mtr_t*		mtr)		/*!< in: the mini-transaction */
{
	const rec_t*	rec;

	/* Restore the position */
	btr_pcur_restore_position(BTR_SEARCH_LEAF, pcur, mtr);

	/* Get the next record */
	rec = dict_getnext_system_low(pcur, mtr);

	return(rec);
}

/********************************************************************//**
This function processes one SYS_TABLES record and populate the dict_table_t
struct for the table. Extracted out of dict_print() to be used by
both monitor table output and information schema innodb_sys_tables output.
@return error message, or NULL on success */
UNIV_INTERN
const char*
dict_process_sys_tables_rec_and_mtr_commit(
/*=======================================*/
	mem_heap_t*	heap,		/*!< in/out: temporary memory heap */
	const rec_t*	rec,		/*!< in: SYS_TABLES record */
	dict_table_t**	table,		/*!< out: dict_table_t to fill */
	dict_table_info_t status,	/*!< in: status bit controls
					options such as whether we shall
					look for dict_table_t from cache
					first */
	mtr_t*		mtr)		/*!< in/out: mini-transaction,
					will be committed */
{
	ulint		len;
	const char*	field;
	const char*	err_msg = NULL;
	char*		table_name;

	field = (const char*) rec_get_nth_field_old(
		rec, DICT_FLD__SYS_TABLES__NAME, &len);

	ut_a(!rec_get_deleted_flag(rec, 0));

	ut_ad(mtr_memo_contains_page(mtr, rec, MTR_MEMO_PAGE_S_FIX));

	/* Get the table name */
	table_name = mem_heap_strdupl(heap, field, len);

	/* If DICT_TABLE_LOAD_FROM_CACHE is set, first check
	whether there is cached dict_table_t struct */
	if (status & DICT_TABLE_LOAD_FROM_CACHE) {

		/* Commit before load the table again */
		mtr_commit(mtr);

		*table = dict_table_get_low(table_name);

		if (!(*table)) {
			err_msg = "Table not found in cache";
		}
	} else {
		err_msg = dict_load_table_low(table_name, rec, table);
		mtr_commit(mtr);
	}

	if (err_msg) {
		return(err_msg);
	}

	return(NULL);
}

/********************************************************************//**
This function parses a SYS_INDEXES record and populate a dict_index_t
structure with the information from the record. For detail information
about SYS_INDEXES fields, please refer to dict_boot() function.
@return error message, or NULL on success */
UNIV_INTERN
const char*
dict_process_sys_indexes_rec(
/*=========================*/
	mem_heap_t*	heap,		/*!< in/out: heap memory */
	const rec_t*	rec,		/*!< in: current SYS_INDEXES rec */
	dict_index_t*	index,		/*!< out: index to be filled */
	table_id_t*	table_id)	/*!< out: index table id */
{
	const char*	err_msg;
	byte*		buf;

	buf = static_cast<byte*>(mem_heap_alloc(heap, 8));

	/* Parse the record, and get "dict_index_t" struct filled */
	err_msg = dict_load_index_low(buf, NULL,
				      heap, rec, FALSE, &index);

	*table_id = mach_read_from_8(buf);

	return(err_msg);
}

/********************************************************************//**
This function parses a SYS_COLUMNS record and populate a dict_column_t
structure with the information from the record.
@return error message, or NULL on success */
UNIV_INTERN
const char*
dict_process_sys_columns_rec(
/*=========================*/
	mem_heap_t*	heap,		/*!< in/out: heap memory */
	const rec_t*	rec,		/*!< in: current SYS_COLUMNS rec */
	dict_col_t*	column,		/*!< out: dict_col_t to be filled */
	table_id_t*	table_id,	/*!< out: table id */
	const char**	col_name)	/*!< out: column name */
{
	const char*	err_msg;

	/* Parse the record, and get "dict_col_t" struct filled */
	err_msg = dict_load_column_low(NULL, heap, column,
				       table_id, col_name, rec);

	return(err_msg);
}

/********************************************************************//**
This function parses a SYS_FIELDS record and populates a dict_field_t
structure with the information from the record.
@return error message, or NULL on success */
UNIV_INTERN
const char*
dict_process_sys_fields_rec(
/*========================*/
	mem_heap_t*	heap,		/*!< in/out: heap memory */
	const rec_t*	rec,		/*!< in: current SYS_FIELDS rec */
	dict_field_t*	sys_field,	/*!< out: dict_field_t to be
					filled */
	ulint*		pos,		/*!< out: Field position */
	index_id_t*	index_id,	/*!< out: current index id */
	index_id_t	last_id)	/*!< in: previous index id */
{
	byte*		buf;
	byte*		last_index_id;
	const char*	err_msg;

	buf = static_cast<byte*>(mem_heap_alloc(heap, 8));

	last_index_id = static_cast<byte*>(mem_heap_alloc(heap, 8));
	mach_write_to_8(last_index_id, last_id);

	err_msg = dict_load_field_low(buf, NULL, sys_field,
				      pos, last_index_id, heap, rec);

	*index_id = mach_read_from_8(buf);

	return(err_msg);

}

/********************************************************************//**
This function parses a SYS_FOREIGN record and populate a dict_foreign_t
structure with the information from the record. For detail information
about SYS_FOREIGN fields, please refer to dict_load_foreign() function.
@return error message, or NULL on success */
UNIV_INTERN
const char*
dict_process_sys_foreign_rec(
/*=========================*/
	mem_heap_t*	heap,		/*!< in/out: heap memory */
	const rec_t*	rec,		/*!< in: current SYS_FOREIGN rec */
	dict_foreign_t*	foreign)	/*!< out: dict_foreign_t struct
					to be filled */
{
	ulint		len;
	const byte*	field;
	ulint		n_fields_and_type;

	if (rec_get_deleted_flag(rec, 0)) {
		return("delete-marked record in SYS_FOREIGN");
	}

	if (rec_get_n_fields_old(rec) != DICT_NUM_FIELDS__SYS_FOREIGN) {
		return("wrong number of columns in SYS_FOREIGN record");
	}

	field = rec_get_nth_field_old(
		rec, DICT_FLD__SYS_FOREIGN__ID, &len);
	if (len == 0 || len == UNIV_SQL_NULL) {
err_len:
		return("incorrect column length in SYS_FOREIGN");
	}

	/* This recieves a dict_foreign_t* that points to a stack variable.
	So mem_heap_free(foreign->heap) is not used as elsewhere.
	Since the heap used here is freed elsewhere, foreign->heap
	is not assigned. */
	foreign->id = mem_heap_strdupl(heap, (const char*) field, len);

	rec_get_nth_field_offs_old(
		rec, DICT_FLD__SYS_FOREIGN__DB_TRX_ID, &len);
	if (len != DATA_TRX_ID_LEN && len != UNIV_SQL_NULL) {
		goto err_len;
	}
	rec_get_nth_field_offs_old(
		rec, DICT_FLD__SYS_FOREIGN__DB_ROLL_PTR, &len);
	if (len != DATA_ROLL_PTR_LEN && len != UNIV_SQL_NULL) {
		goto err_len;
	}

	/* The _lookup versions of the referenced and foreign table names
	 are not assigned since they are not used in this dict_foreign_t */

	field = rec_get_nth_field_old(
		rec, DICT_FLD__SYS_FOREIGN__FOR_NAME, &len);
	if (len == 0 || len == UNIV_SQL_NULL) {
		goto err_len;
	}
	foreign->foreign_table_name = mem_heap_strdupl(
		heap, (const char*) field, len);

	field = rec_get_nth_field_old(
		rec, DICT_FLD__SYS_FOREIGN__REF_NAME, &len);
	if (len == 0 || len == UNIV_SQL_NULL) {
		goto err_len;
	}
	foreign->referenced_table_name = mem_heap_strdupl(
		heap, (const char*) field, len);

	field = rec_get_nth_field_old(
		rec, DICT_FLD__SYS_FOREIGN__N_COLS, &len);
	if (len != 4) {
		goto err_len;
	}
	n_fields_and_type = mach_read_from_4(field);

	foreign->type = (unsigned int) (n_fields_and_type >> 24);
	foreign->n_fields = (unsigned int) (n_fields_and_type & 0x3FFUL);

	return(NULL);
}

/********************************************************************//**
This function parses a SYS_FOREIGN_COLS record and extract necessary
information from the record and return to caller.
@return error message, or NULL on success */
UNIV_INTERN
const char*
dict_process_sys_foreign_col_rec(
/*=============================*/
	mem_heap_t*	heap,		/*!< in/out: heap memory */
	const rec_t*	rec,		/*!< in: current SYS_FOREIGN_COLS rec */
	const char**	name,		/*!< out: foreign key constraint name */
	const char**	for_col_name,	/*!< out: referencing column name */
	const char**	ref_col_name,	/*!< out: referenced column name
					in referenced table */
	ulint*		pos)		/*!< out: column position */
{
	ulint		len;
	const byte*	field;

	if (rec_get_deleted_flag(rec, 0)) {
		return("delete-marked record in SYS_FOREIGN_COLS");
	}

	if (rec_get_n_fields_old(rec) != DICT_NUM_FIELDS__SYS_FOREIGN_COLS) {
		return("wrong number of columns in SYS_FOREIGN_COLS record");
	}

	field = rec_get_nth_field_old(
		rec, DICT_FLD__SYS_FOREIGN_COLS__ID, &len);
	if (len == 0 || len == UNIV_SQL_NULL) {
err_len:
		return("incorrect column length in SYS_FOREIGN_COLS");
	}
	*name = mem_heap_strdupl(heap, (char*) field, len);

	field = rec_get_nth_field_old(
		rec, DICT_FLD__SYS_FOREIGN_COLS__POS, &len);
	if (len != 4) {
		goto err_len;
	}
	*pos = mach_read_from_4(field);

	rec_get_nth_field_offs_old(
		rec, DICT_FLD__SYS_FOREIGN_COLS__DB_TRX_ID, &len);
	if (len != DATA_TRX_ID_LEN && len != UNIV_SQL_NULL) {
		goto err_len;
	}
	rec_get_nth_field_offs_old(
		rec, DICT_FLD__SYS_FOREIGN_COLS__DB_ROLL_PTR, &len);
	if (len != DATA_ROLL_PTR_LEN && len != UNIV_SQL_NULL) {
		goto err_len;
	}

	field = rec_get_nth_field_old(
		rec, DICT_FLD__SYS_FOREIGN_COLS__FOR_COL_NAME, &len);
	if (len == 0 || len == UNIV_SQL_NULL) {
		goto err_len;
	}
	*for_col_name = mem_heap_strdupl(heap, (char*) field, len);

	field = rec_get_nth_field_old(
		rec, DICT_FLD__SYS_FOREIGN_COLS__REF_COL_NAME, &len);
	if (len == 0 || len == UNIV_SQL_NULL) {
		goto err_len;
	}
	*ref_col_name = mem_heap_strdupl(heap, (char*) field, len);

	return(NULL);
}

/********************************************************************//**
This function parses a SYS_TABLESPACES record, extracts necessary
information from the record and returns to caller.
@return error message, or NULL on success */
UNIV_INTERN
const char*
dict_process_sys_tablespaces(
/*=========================*/
	mem_heap_t*	heap,		/*!< in/out: heap memory */
	const rec_t*	rec,		/*!< in: current SYS_TABLESPACES rec */
	ulint*		space,		/*!< out: space id */
	const char**	name,		/*!< out: tablespace name */
	ulint*		flags)		/*!< out: tablespace flags */
{
	ulint		len;
	const byte*	field;

	/* Initialize the output values */
	*space = ULINT_UNDEFINED;
	*name = NULL;
	*flags = ULINT_UNDEFINED;

	if (rec_get_deleted_flag(rec, 0)) {
		return("delete-marked record in SYS_TABLESPACES");
	}

	if (rec_get_n_fields_old(rec) != DICT_NUM_FIELDS__SYS_TABLESPACES) {
		return("wrong number of columns in SYS_TABLESPACES record");
	}

	field = rec_get_nth_field_old(
		rec, DICT_FLD__SYS_TABLESPACES__SPACE, &len);
	if (len != DICT_FLD_LEN_SPACE) {
err_len:
		return("incorrect column length in SYS_TABLESPACES");
	}
	*space = mach_read_from_4(field);

	rec_get_nth_field_offs_old(
		rec, DICT_FLD__SYS_TABLESPACES__DB_TRX_ID, &len);
	if (len != DATA_TRX_ID_LEN && len != UNIV_SQL_NULL) {
		goto err_len;
	}

	rec_get_nth_field_offs_old(
		rec, DICT_FLD__SYS_TABLESPACES__DB_ROLL_PTR, &len);
	if (len != DATA_ROLL_PTR_LEN && len != UNIV_SQL_NULL) {
		goto err_len;
	}

	field = rec_get_nth_field_old(
		rec, DICT_FLD__SYS_TABLESPACES__NAME, &len);
	if (len == 0 || len == UNIV_SQL_NULL) {
		goto err_len;
	}
	*name = mem_heap_strdupl(heap, (char*) field, len);

	field = rec_get_nth_field_old(
		rec, DICT_FLD__SYS_TABLESPACES__FLAGS, &len);
	if (len != DICT_FLD_LEN_FLAGS) {
		goto err_len;
	}
	*flags = mach_read_from_4(field);

	return(NULL);
}

/********************************************************************//**
This function parses a SYS_DATAFILES record, extracts necessary
information from the record and returns it to the caller.
@return error message, or NULL on success */
UNIV_INTERN
const char*
dict_process_sys_datafiles(
/*=======================*/
	mem_heap_t*	heap,		/*!< in/out: heap memory */
	const rec_t*	rec,		/*!< in: current SYS_DATAFILES rec */
	ulint*		space,		/*!< out: space id */
	const char**	path)		/*!< out: datafile paths */
{
	ulint		len;
	const byte*	field;

	if (rec_get_deleted_flag(rec, 0)) {
		return("delete-marked record in SYS_DATAFILES");
	}

	if (rec_get_n_fields_old(rec) != DICT_NUM_FIELDS__SYS_DATAFILES) {
		return("wrong number of columns in SYS_DATAFILES record");
	}

	field = rec_get_nth_field_old(
		rec, DICT_FLD__SYS_DATAFILES__SPACE, &len);
	if (len != DICT_FLD_LEN_SPACE) {
err_len:
		return("incorrect column length in SYS_DATAFILES");
	}
	*space = mach_read_from_4(field);

	rec_get_nth_field_offs_old(
		rec, DICT_FLD__SYS_DATAFILES__DB_TRX_ID, &len);
	if (len != DATA_TRX_ID_LEN && len != UNIV_SQL_NULL) {
		goto err_len;
	}

	rec_get_nth_field_offs_old(
		rec, DICT_FLD__SYS_DATAFILES__DB_ROLL_PTR, &len);
	if (len != DATA_ROLL_PTR_LEN && len != UNIV_SQL_NULL) {
		goto err_len;
	}

	field = rec_get_nth_field_old(
		rec, DICT_FLD__SYS_DATAFILES__PATH, &len);
	if (len == 0 || len == UNIV_SQL_NULL) {
		goto err_len;
	}
	*path = mem_heap_strdupl(heap, (char*) field, len);

	return(NULL);
}

/********************************************************************//**
Determine the flags of a table as stored in SYS_TABLES.TYPE and N_COLS.
@return  ULINT_UNDEFINED if error, else a valid dict_table_t::flags. */
static
ulint
dict_sys_tables_get_flags(
/*======================*/
	const rec_t*	rec)	/*!< in: a record of SYS_TABLES */
{
	const byte*	field;
	ulint		len;
	ulint		type;
	ulint		n_cols;

	/* read the 4 byte flags from the TYPE field */
	field = rec_get_nth_field_old(
		rec, DICT_FLD__SYS_TABLES__TYPE, &len);
	ut_a(len == 4);
	type = mach_read_from_4(field);

	/* The low order bit of SYS_TABLES.TYPE is always set to 1. But in
	dict_table_t::flags the low order bit is used to determine if the
	row format is Redundant or Compact when the format is Antelope.
	Read the 4 byte N_COLS field and look at the high order bit.  It
	should be set for COMPACT and later.  It should not be set for
	REDUNDANT. */
	field = rec_get_nth_field_old(
		rec, DICT_FLD__SYS_TABLES__N_COLS, &len);
	ut_a(len == 4);
	n_cols = mach_read_from_4(field);

	/* This validation function also combines the DICT_N_COLS_COMPACT
	flag in n_cols into the type field to effectively make it a
	dict_table_t::flags. */

	if (ULINT_UNDEFINED == dict_sys_tables_type_validate(type, n_cols)) {
		return(ULINT_UNDEFINED);
	}

	return(dict_sys_tables_type_to_tf(type, n_cols));
}

/********************************************************************//**
Gets the filepath for a spaceid from SYS_DATAFILES and checks it against
the contents of a link file. This function is called when there is no
fil_node_t entry for this space ID so both durable locations on  disk
must be checked and compared.
We use a temporary heap here for the table lookup, but not for the path
returned which the caller must free.
This function can return NULL if the space ID is not found in SYS_DATAFILES,
then the caller will assume that the ibd file is in the normal datadir.
@return	own: A copy of the first datafile found in SYS_DATAFILES.PATH for
the given space ID. NULL if space ID is zero or not found. */
UNIV_INTERN
char*
dict_get_first_path(
/*================*/
	ulint		space,	/*!< in: space id */
	const char*	name)	/*!< in: tablespace name */
{
	mtr_t		mtr;
	dict_table_t*	sys_datafiles;
	dict_index_t*	sys_index;
	dtuple_t*	tuple;
	dfield_t*	dfield;
	byte*		buf;
	btr_pcur_t	pcur;
	const rec_t*	rec;
	const byte*	field;
	ulint		len;
	char*		dict_filepath = NULL;
	mem_heap_t*	heap = mem_heap_create(1024);

	ut_ad(mutex_own(&(dict_sys->mutex)));

	mtr_start(&mtr);

	sys_datafiles = dict_table_get_low("SYS_DATAFILES");
	sys_index = UT_LIST_GET_FIRST(sys_datafiles->indexes);
	ut_ad(!dict_table_is_comp(sys_datafiles));
	ut_ad(name_of_col_is(sys_datafiles, sys_index,
			     DICT_FLD__SYS_DATAFILES__SPACE, "SPACE"));
	ut_ad(name_of_col_is(sys_datafiles, sys_index,
			     DICT_FLD__SYS_DATAFILES__PATH, "PATH"));

	tuple = dtuple_create(heap, 1);
	dfield = dtuple_get_nth_field(tuple, DICT_FLD__SYS_DATAFILES__SPACE);

	buf = static_cast<byte*>(mem_heap_alloc(heap, 4));
	mach_write_to_4(buf, space);

	dfield_set_data(dfield, buf, 4);
	dict_index_copy_types(tuple, sys_index, 1);

	btr_pcur_open_on_user_rec(sys_index, tuple, PAGE_CUR_GE,
				  BTR_SEARCH_LEAF, &pcur, &mtr);

	rec = btr_pcur_get_rec(&pcur);

	/* If the file-per-table tablespace was created with
	an earlier version of InnoDB, then this record is not
	in SYS_DATAFILES.  But a link file still might exist. */

	if (btr_pcur_is_on_user_rec(&pcur)) {
		/* A record for this space ID was found. */
		field = rec_get_nth_field_old(
			rec, DICT_FLD__SYS_DATAFILES__PATH, &len);
		ut_a(len > 0 || len == UNIV_SQL_NULL);
		ut_a(len < OS_FILE_MAX_PATH);
		dict_filepath = mem_strdupl((char*) field, len);
		ut_a(dict_filepath);
	}

	btr_pcur_close(&pcur);
	mtr_commit(&mtr);
	mem_heap_free(heap);

	return(dict_filepath);
}

/********************************************************************//**
Update the record for space_id in SYS_TABLESPACES to this filepath.
@return	DB_SUCCESS if OK, dberr_t if the insert failed */
UNIV_INTERN
dberr_t
dict_update_filepath(
/*=================*/
	ulint		space_id,	/*!< in: space id */
	const char*	filepath)	/*!< in: filepath */
{
	dberr_t		err = DB_SUCCESS;
	trx_t*		trx;

#ifdef UNIV_SYNC_DEBUG
	ut_ad(rw_lock_own(&dict_operation_lock, RW_LOCK_EX));
#endif /* UNIV_SYNC_DEBUG */
	ut_ad(mutex_own(&(dict_sys->mutex)));

	trx = trx_allocate_for_background();
	trx->op_info = "update filepath";
	trx->dict_operation_lock_mode = RW_X_LATCH;
	trx_start_for_ddl(trx, TRX_DICT_OP_INDEX);

	pars_info_t*	info = pars_info_create();

	pars_info_add_int4_literal(info, "space", space_id);
	pars_info_add_str_literal(info, "path", filepath);

	err = que_eval_sql(info,
			   "PROCEDURE UPDATE_FILEPATH () IS\n"
			   "BEGIN\n"
			   "UPDATE SYS_DATAFILES"
			   " SET PATH = :path\n"
			   " WHERE SPACE = :space;\n"
			   "END;\n", FALSE, trx);

	trx_commit_for_mysql(trx);
	trx->dict_operation_lock_mode = 0;
	trx_free_for_background(trx);

	if (err == DB_SUCCESS) {
		/* We just updated SYS_DATAFILES due to the contents in
		a link file.  Make a note that we did this. */
		ib_logf(IB_LOG_LEVEL_INFO,
			"The InnoDB data dictionary table SYS_DATAFILES "
			"for tablespace ID %lu was updated to use file %s.",
			(ulong) space_id, filepath);
	} else {
		ib_logf(IB_LOG_LEVEL_WARN,
			"Problem updating InnoDB data dictionary table "
			"SYS_DATAFILES for tablespace ID %lu to file %s.",
			(ulong) space_id, filepath);
	}

	return(err);
}

/********************************************************************//**
Insert records into SYS_TABLESPACES and SYS_DATAFILES.
@return	DB_SUCCESS if OK, dberr_t if the insert failed */
UNIV_INTERN
dberr_t
dict_insert_tablespace_and_filepath(
/*================================*/
	ulint		space,		/*!< in: space id */
	const char*	name,		/*!< in: talespace name */
	const char*	filepath,	/*!< in: filepath */
	ulint		fsp_flags)	/*!< in: tablespace flags */
{
	dberr_t		err = DB_SUCCESS;
	trx_t*		trx;

#ifdef UNIV_SYNC_DEBUG
	ut_ad(rw_lock_own(&dict_operation_lock, RW_LOCK_EX));
#endif /* UNIV_SYNC_DEBUG */
	ut_ad(mutex_own(&(dict_sys->mutex)));
	ut_ad(filepath);

	trx = trx_allocate_for_background();
	trx->op_info = "insert tablespace and filepath";
	trx->dict_operation_lock_mode = RW_X_LATCH;
	trx_start_for_ddl(trx, TRX_DICT_OP_INDEX);

	/* A record for this space ID was not found in
	SYS_DATAFILES. Assume the record is also missing in
	SYS_TABLESPACES.  Insert records onto them both. */
	err = dict_create_add_tablespace_to_dictionary(
		space, name, fsp_flags, filepath, trx, false);

	trx_commit_for_mysql(trx);
	trx->dict_operation_lock_mode = 0;
	trx_free_for_background(trx);

	return(err);
}

/********************************************************************//**
This function looks at each table defined in SYS_TABLES.  It checks the
tablespace for any table with a space_id > 0.  It looks up the tablespace
in SYS_DATAFILES to ensure the correct path.

In a crash recovery we already have all the tablespace objects created.
This function compares the space id information in the InnoDB data dictionary
to what we already read with fil_load_single_table_tablespaces().

In a normal startup, we create the tablespace objects for every table in
InnoDB's data dictionary, if the corresponding .ibd file exists.
We also scan the biggest space id, and store it to fil_system. */
UNIV_INTERN
void
dict_check_tablespaces_and_store_max_id(
/*====================================*/
	dict_check_t	dict_check)	/*!< in: how to check */
{
	dict_table_t*	sys_tables;
	dict_index_t*	sys_index;
	btr_pcur_t	pcur;
	const rec_t*	rec;
	ulint		max_space_id;
	mtr_t		mtr;

	rw_lock_x_lock(&dict_operation_lock);
	mutex_enter(&(dict_sys->mutex));

	mtr_start(&mtr);

	sys_tables = dict_table_get_low("SYS_TABLES");
	sys_index = UT_LIST_GET_FIRST(sys_tables->indexes);
	ut_ad(!dict_table_is_comp(sys_tables));

	max_space_id = mtr_read_ulint(dict_hdr_get(&mtr)
				      + DICT_HDR_MAX_SPACE_ID,
				      MLOG_4BYTES, &mtr);
	fil_set_max_space_id_if_bigger(max_space_id);

	btr_pcur_open_at_index_side(true, sys_index, BTR_SEARCH_LEAF, &pcur,
				    true, 0, &mtr);
loop:
	btr_pcur_move_to_next_user_rec(&pcur, &mtr);

	rec = btr_pcur_get_rec(&pcur);

	if (!btr_pcur_is_on_user_rec(&pcur)) {
		/* end of index */

		btr_pcur_close(&pcur);
		mtr_commit(&mtr);

		/* We must make the tablespace cache aware of the biggest
		known space id */

		/* printf("Biggest space id in data dictionary %lu\n",
		max_space_id); */
		fil_set_max_space_id_if_bigger(max_space_id);

		mutex_exit(&(dict_sys->mutex));
		rw_lock_x_unlock(&dict_operation_lock);

		return;
	}

	if (!rec_get_deleted_flag(rec, 0)) {

		/* We found one */
		const byte*	field;
		ulint		len;
		ulint		space_id;
		ulint		flags;
		char*		name;

		field = rec_get_nth_field_old(
			rec, DICT_FLD__SYS_TABLES__NAME, &len);

		name = mem_strdupl((char*) field, len);

		char	table_name[MAX_FULL_NAME_LEN + 1];

		innobase_format_name(
			table_name, sizeof(table_name), name, FALSE);

		flags = dict_sys_tables_get_flags(rec);
		if (UNIV_UNLIKELY(flags == ULINT_UNDEFINED)) {
			/* Read again the 4 bytes from rec. */
			field = rec_get_nth_field_old(
				rec, DICT_FLD__SYS_TABLES__TYPE, &len);
			ut_ad(len == 4); /* this was checked earlier */
			flags = mach_read_from_4(field);

			ib_logf(IB_LOG_LEVEL_ERROR,
				"Table '%s' in InnoDB data dictionary"
				" has unknown type %lx", table_name, flags);
			mem_free(name);
			goto loop;
		}

		field = rec_get_nth_field_old(
			rec, DICT_FLD__SYS_TABLES__SPACE, &len);
		ut_a(len == 4);

		space_id = mach_read_from_4(field);

		btr_pcur_store_position(&pcur, &mtr);

		mtr_commit(&mtr);

		/* For tables created with old versions of InnoDB,
		SYS_TABLES.MIX_LEN may contain garbage.  Such tables
		would always be in ROW_FORMAT=REDUNDANT. Pretend that
		all such tables are non-temporary. That is, do not
		suppress error printouts about temporary or discarded
		tablespaces not being found. */

		field = rec_get_nth_field_old(
			rec, DICT_FLD__SYS_TABLES__MIX_LEN, &len);

		bool		is_temp = false;
		bool		discarded = false;
		ib_uint32_t	flags2 = static_cast<ib_uint32_t>(
			mach_read_from_4(field));

		/* Check that the tablespace (the .ibd file) really
		exists; print a warning to the .err log if not.
		Do not print warnings for temporary tables or for
		tablespaces that have been discarded. */

		field = rec_get_nth_field_old(
			rec, DICT_FLD__SYS_TABLES__N_COLS, &len);

		/* MIX_LEN valid only for ROW_FORMAT > REDUNDANT. */
		if (mach_read_from_4(field) & DICT_N_COLS_COMPACT) {

			is_temp = !!(flags2 & DICT_TF2_TEMPORARY);
			discarded = !!(flags2 & DICT_TF2_DISCARDED);
		}

		if (space_id == 0) {
			/* The system tablespace always exists. */
			ut_ad(!discarded);
			goto next_tablespace;
		}

		switch (dict_check) {
		case DICT_CHECK_ALL_LOADED:
			/* All tablespaces should have been found in
			fil_load_single_table_tablespaces(). */
			if (fil_space_for_table_exists_in_mem(
				space_id, name, TRUE, !(is_temp || discarded),
				false, NULL, 0)
			    && !(is_temp || discarded)) {
				/* If user changes the path of .ibd files in
				   *.isl files before doing crash recovery ,
				   then this leads to inconsistency in
				   SYS_DATAFILES system table because the
				   tables are loaded from the updated path
				   but the SYS_DATAFILES still points to the
				   old path.Therefore after crash recovery
				   update SYS_DATAFILES with the updated path.*/
				ut_ad(space_id);
				ut_ad(recv_needed_recovery);
				char *dict_path = dict_get_first_path(space_id,
								      name);
				char *remote_path = fil_read_link_file(name);
				if(dict_path && remote_path) {
					if(strcmp(dict_path,remote_path)) {
						dict_update_filepath(space_id,
								     remote_path);
						}
				}
				if(dict_path)
					mem_free(dict_path);
				if(remote_path)
					mem_free(remote_path);
			}
			break;

		case DICT_CHECK_SOME_LOADED:
			/* Some tablespaces may have been opened in
			trx_resurrect_table_locks(). */
			if (fil_space_for_table_exists_in_mem(
				    space_id, name, FALSE, FALSE,
				    false, NULL, 0)) {
				break;
			}
			/* fall through */
		case DICT_CHECK_NONE_LOADED:
			if (discarded) {
				ib_logf(IB_LOG_LEVEL_INFO,
					"DISCARD flag set for table '%s',"
					" ignored.",
					table_name);
				break;
			}

			/* It is a normal database startup: create the
			space object and check that the .ibd file exists.
			If the table uses a remote tablespace, look for the
			space_id in SYS_DATAFILES to find the filepath */

			/* Use the remote filepath if known. */
			char*	filepath = NULL;
			if (DICT_TF_HAS_DATA_DIR(flags)) {
				filepath = dict_get_first_path(
					space_id, name);
			}

			/* We need to read page 0 to get (optional) IV
			regardless if encryptions is turned on or not,
			since if it's off we should decrypt a potentially
			already encrypted table */
			bool read_page_0 = true;

			/* We set the 2nd param (fix_dict = true)
			here because we already have an x-lock on
			dict_operation_lock and dict_sys->mutex. Besides,
			this is at startup and we are now single threaded.
			If the filepath is not known, it will need to
			be discovered. */
			dberr_t	err = fil_open_single_table_tablespace(
				read_page_0, srv_read_only_mode ? false : true,
				space_id, dict_tf_to_fsp_flags(flags),
				name, filepath, NULL);

			if (err != DB_SUCCESS) {
				ib_logf(IB_LOG_LEVEL_ERROR,
					"Tablespace open failed for '%s', "
					"ignored.", table_name);
			}

			if (filepath) {
				mem_free(filepath);
			}

			break;
		}

		if (space_id > max_space_id) {
			max_space_id = space_id;
		}

next_tablespace:
		mem_free(name);
		mtr_start(&mtr);

		btr_pcur_restore_position(BTR_SEARCH_LEAF, &pcur, &mtr);
	}

	goto loop;
}

/********************************************************************//**
Loads a table column definition from a SYS_COLUMNS record to
dict_table_t.
@return error message, or NULL on success */
UNIV_INTERN
const char*
dict_load_column_low(
/*=================*/
	dict_table_t*	table,		/*!< in/out: table, could be NULL
					if we just populate a dict_column_t
					struct with information from
					a SYS_COLUMNS record */
	mem_heap_t*	heap,		/*!< in/out: memory heap
					for temporary storage */
	dict_col_t*	column,		/*!< out: dict_column_t to fill,
					or NULL if table != NULL */
	table_id_t*	table_id,	/*!< out: table id */
	const char**	col_name,	/*!< out: column name */
	const rec_t*	rec)		/*!< in: SYS_COLUMNS record */
{
	char*		name;
	const byte*	field;
	ulint		len;
	ulint		mtype;
	ulint		prtype;
	ulint		col_len;
	ulint		pos;

	ut_ad(table || column);

	if (rec_get_deleted_flag(rec, 0)) {
		return("delete-marked record in SYS_COLUMNS");
	}

	if (rec_get_n_fields_old(rec) != DICT_NUM_FIELDS__SYS_COLUMNS) {
		return("wrong number of columns in SYS_COLUMNS record");
	}

	field = rec_get_nth_field_old(
		rec, DICT_FLD__SYS_COLUMNS__TABLE_ID, &len);
	if (len != 8) {
err_len:
		return("incorrect column length in SYS_COLUMNS");
	}

	if (table_id) {
		*table_id = mach_read_from_8(field);
	} else if (table->id != mach_read_from_8(field)) {
		return("SYS_COLUMNS.TABLE_ID mismatch");
	}

	field = rec_get_nth_field_old(
		rec, DICT_FLD__SYS_COLUMNS__POS, &len);
	if (len != 4) {

		goto err_len;
	}

	pos = mach_read_from_4(field);

	if (table && table->n_def != pos) {
		return("SYS_COLUMNS.POS mismatch");
	}

	rec_get_nth_field_offs_old(
		rec, DICT_FLD__SYS_COLUMNS__DB_TRX_ID, &len);
	if (len != DATA_TRX_ID_LEN && len != UNIV_SQL_NULL) {
		goto err_len;
	}
	rec_get_nth_field_offs_old(
		rec, DICT_FLD__SYS_COLUMNS__DB_ROLL_PTR, &len);
	if (len != DATA_ROLL_PTR_LEN && len != UNIV_SQL_NULL) {
		goto err_len;
	}

	field = rec_get_nth_field_old(
		rec, DICT_FLD__SYS_COLUMNS__NAME, &len);
	if (len == 0 || len == UNIV_SQL_NULL) {
		goto err_len;
	}

	name = mem_heap_strdupl(heap, (const char*) field, len);

	if (col_name) {
		*col_name = name;
	}

	field = rec_get_nth_field_old(
		rec, DICT_FLD__SYS_COLUMNS__MTYPE, &len);
	if (len != 4) {
		goto err_len;
	}

	mtype = mach_read_from_4(field);

	field = rec_get_nth_field_old(
		rec, DICT_FLD__SYS_COLUMNS__PRTYPE, &len);
	if (len != 4) {
		goto err_len;
	}
	prtype = mach_read_from_4(field);

	if (dtype_get_charset_coll(prtype) == 0
	    && dtype_is_string_type(mtype)) {
		/* The table was created with < 4.1.2. */

		if (dtype_is_binary_string_type(mtype, prtype)) {
			/* Use the binary collation for
			string columns of binary type. */

			prtype = dtype_form_prtype(
				prtype,
				DATA_MYSQL_BINARY_CHARSET_COLL);
		} else {
			/* Use the default charset for
			other than binary columns. */

			prtype = dtype_form_prtype(
				prtype,
				data_mysql_default_charset_coll);
		}
	}

	field = rec_get_nth_field_old(
		rec, DICT_FLD__SYS_COLUMNS__LEN, &len);
	if (len != 4) {
		goto err_len;
	}
	col_len = mach_read_from_4(field);
	field = rec_get_nth_field_old(
		rec, DICT_FLD__SYS_COLUMNS__PREC, &len);
	if (len != 4) {
		goto err_len;
	}

	if (!column) {
		dict_mem_table_add_col(table, heap, name, mtype,
				       prtype, col_len);
	} else {
		dict_mem_fill_column_struct(column, pos, mtype,
					    prtype, col_len);
	}

	return(NULL);
}

/********************************************************************//**
Loads definitions for table columns. */
static
void
dict_load_columns(
/*==============*/
	dict_table_t*	table,	/*!< in/out: table */
	mem_heap_t*	heap)	/*!< in/out: memory heap
				for temporary storage */
{
	dict_table_t*	sys_columns;
	dict_index_t*	sys_index;
	btr_pcur_t	pcur;
	dtuple_t*	tuple;
	dfield_t*	dfield;
	const rec_t*	rec;
	byte*		buf;
	ulint		i;
	mtr_t		mtr;

	ut_ad(mutex_own(&(dict_sys->mutex)));

	mtr_start(&mtr);

	sys_columns = dict_table_get_low("SYS_COLUMNS");
	sys_index = UT_LIST_GET_FIRST(sys_columns->indexes);
	ut_ad(!dict_table_is_comp(sys_columns));

	ut_ad(name_of_col_is(sys_columns, sys_index,
			     DICT_FLD__SYS_COLUMNS__NAME, "NAME"));
	ut_ad(name_of_col_is(sys_columns, sys_index,
			     DICT_FLD__SYS_COLUMNS__PREC, "PREC"));

	tuple = dtuple_create(heap, 1);
	dfield = dtuple_get_nth_field(tuple, 0);

	buf = static_cast<byte*>(mem_heap_alloc(heap, 8));
	mach_write_to_8(buf, table->id);

	dfield_set_data(dfield, buf, 8);
	dict_index_copy_types(tuple, sys_index, 1);

	btr_pcur_open_on_user_rec(sys_index, tuple, PAGE_CUR_GE,
				  BTR_SEARCH_LEAF, &pcur, &mtr);
	for (i = 0; i + DATA_N_SYS_COLS < (ulint) table->n_cols; i++) {
		const char*	err_msg;
		const char*	name = NULL;

		rec = btr_pcur_get_rec(&pcur);

		ut_a(btr_pcur_is_on_user_rec(&pcur));

		err_msg = dict_load_column_low(table, heap, NULL, NULL,
					       &name, rec);

		if (err_msg) {
			fprintf(stderr, "InnoDB: %s\n", err_msg);
			ut_error;
		}

		/* Note: Currently we have one DOC_ID column that is
		shared by all FTS indexes on a table. */
		if (innobase_strcasecmp(name,
					FTS_DOC_ID_COL_NAME) == 0) {
			dict_col_t*	col;
			/* As part of normal loading of tables the
			table->flag is not set for tables with FTS
			till after the FTS indexes are loaded. So we
			create the fts_t instance here if there isn't
			one already created.

			This case does not arise for table create as
			the flag is set before the table is created. */
			if (table->fts == NULL) {
				table->fts = fts_create(table);
				fts_optimize_add_table(table);
			}

			ut_a(table->fts->doc_col == ULINT_UNDEFINED);

			col = dict_table_get_nth_col(table, i);

			ut_ad(col->len == sizeof(doc_id_t));

			if (col->prtype & DATA_FTS_DOC_ID) {
				DICT_TF2_FLAG_SET(
					table, DICT_TF2_FTS_HAS_DOC_ID);
				DICT_TF2_FLAG_UNSET(
					table, DICT_TF2_FTS_ADD_DOC_ID);
			}

			table->fts->doc_col = i;
		}

		btr_pcur_move_to_next_user_rec(&pcur, &mtr);
	}

	btr_pcur_close(&pcur);
	mtr_commit(&mtr);
}

/** Error message for a delete-marked record in dict_load_field_low() */
static const char* dict_load_field_del = "delete-marked record in SYS_FIELDS";

/********************************************************************//**
Loads an index field definition from a SYS_FIELDS record to
dict_index_t.
@return error message, or NULL on success */
UNIV_INTERN
const char*
dict_load_field_low(
/*================*/
	byte*		index_id,	/*!< in/out: index id (8 bytes)
					an "in" value if index != NULL
					and "out" if index == NULL */
	dict_index_t*	index,		/*!< in/out: index, could be NULL
					if we just populate a dict_field_t
					struct with information from
					a SYS_FIELDS record */
	dict_field_t*	sys_field,	/*!< out: dict_field_t to be
					filled */
	ulint*		pos,		/*!< out: Field position */
	byte*		last_index_id,	/*!< in: last index id */
	mem_heap_t*	heap,		/*!< in/out: memory heap
					for temporary storage */
	const rec_t*	rec)		/*!< in: SYS_FIELDS record */
{
	const byte*	field;
	ulint		len;
	ulint		pos_and_prefix_len;
	ulint		prefix_len;
	ibool		first_field;
	ulint		position;

	/* Either index or sys_field is supplied, not both */
	ut_a((!index) || (!sys_field));

	if (rec_get_deleted_flag(rec, 0)) {
		return(dict_load_field_del);
	}

	if (rec_get_n_fields_old(rec) != DICT_NUM_FIELDS__SYS_FIELDS) {
		return("wrong number of columns in SYS_FIELDS record");
	}

	field = rec_get_nth_field_old(
		rec, DICT_FLD__SYS_FIELDS__INDEX_ID, &len);
	if (len != 8) {
err_len:
		return("incorrect column length in SYS_FIELDS");
	}

	if (!index) {
		ut_a(last_index_id);
		memcpy(index_id, (const char*) field, 8);
		first_field = memcmp(index_id, last_index_id, 8);
	} else {
		first_field = (index->n_def == 0);
		if (memcmp(field, index_id, 8)) {
			return("SYS_FIELDS.INDEX_ID mismatch");
		}
	}

	/* The next field stores the field position in the index and a
	possible column prefix length if the index field does not
	contain the whole column. The storage format is like this: if
	there is at least one prefix field in the index, then the HIGH
	2 bytes contain the field number (index->n_def) and the low 2
	bytes the prefix length for the field. Otherwise the field
	number (index->n_def) is contained in the 2 LOW bytes. */

	field = rec_get_nth_field_old(
		rec, DICT_FLD__SYS_FIELDS__POS, &len);
	if (len != 4) {
		goto err_len;
	}

	pos_and_prefix_len = mach_read_from_4(field);

	if (index && UNIV_UNLIKELY
	    ((pos_and_prefix_len & 0xFFFFUL) != index->n_def
	     && (pos_and_prefix_len >> 16 & 0xFFFF) != index->n_def)) {
		return("SYS_FIELDS.POS mismatch");
	}

	if (first_field || pos_and_prefix_len > 0xFFFFUL) {
		prefix_len = pos_and_prefix_len & 0xFFFFUL;
		position = (pos_and_prefix_len & 0xFFFF0000UL)  >> 16;
	} else {
		prefix_len = 0;
		position = pos_and_prefix_len & 0xFFFFUL;
	}

	rec_get_nth_field_offs_old(
		rec, DICT_FLD__SYS_FIELDS__DB_TRX_ID, &len);
	if (len != DATA_TRX_ID_LEN && len != UNIV_SQL_NULL) {
		goto err_len;
	}
	rec_get_nth_field_offs_old(
		rec, DICT_FLD__SYS_FIELDS__DB_ROLL_PTR, &len);
	if (len != DATA_ROLL_PTR_LEN && len != UNIV_SQL_NULL) {
		goto err_len;
	}

	field = rec_get_nth_field_old(
		rec, DICT_FLD__SYS_FIELDS__COL_NAME, &len);
	if (len == 0 || len == UNIV_SQL_NULL) {
		goto err_len;
	}

	if (index) {
		dict_mem_index_add_field(
			index, mem_heap_strdupl(heap, (const char*) field, len),
			prefix_len);
	} else {
		ut_a(sys_field);
		ut_a(pos);

		sys_field->name = mem_heap_strdupl(
			heap, (const char*) field, len);
		sys_field->prefix_len = prefix_len;
		*pos = position;
	}

	return(NULL);
}

/********************************************************************//**
Loads definitions for index fields.
@return DB_SUCCESS if ok, DB_CORRUPTION if corruption */
static
ulint
dict_load_fields(
/*=============*/
	dict_index_t*	index,	/*!< in/out: index whose fields to load */
	mem_heap_t*	heap)	/*!< in: memory heap for temporary storage */
{
	dict_table_t*	sys_fields;
	dict_index_t*	sys_index;
	btr_pcur_t	pcur;
	dtuple_t*	tuple;
	dfield_t*	dfield;
	const rec_t*	rec;
	byte*		buf;
	ulint		i;
	mtr_t		mtr;
	dberr_t		error;

	ut_ad(mutex_own(&(dict_sys->mutex)));

	mtr_start(&mtr);

	sys_fields = dict_table_get_low("SYS_FIELDS");
	sys_index = UT_LIST_GET_FIRST(sys_fields->indexes);
	ut_ad(!dict_table_is_comp(sys_fields));
	ut_ad(name_of_col_is(sys_fields, sys_index,
			     DICT_FLD__SYS_FIELDS__COL_NAME, "COL_NAME"));

	tuple = dtuple_create(heap, 1);
	dfield = dtuple_get_nth_field(tuple, 0);

	buf = static_cast<byte*>(mem_heap_alloc(heap, 8));
	mach_write_to_8(buf, index->id);

	dfield_set_data(dfield, buf, 8);
	dict_index_copy_types(tuple, sys_index, 1);

	btr_pcur_open_on_user_rec(sys_index, tuple, PAGE_CUR_GE,
				  BTR_SEARCH_LEAF, &pcur, &mtr);
	for (i = 0; i < index->n_fields; i++) {
		const char* err_msg;

		rec = btr_pcur_get_rec(&pcur);

		ut_a(btr_pcur_is_on_user_rec(&pcur));

		err_msg = dict_load_field_low(buf, index, NULL, NULL, NULL,
					      heap, rec);

		if (err_msg == dict_load_field_del) {
			/* There could be delete marked records in
			SYS_FIELDS because SYS_FIELDS.INDEX_ID can be
			updated by ALTER TABLE ADD INDEX. */

			goto next_rec;
		} else if (err_msg) {
			fprintf(stderr, "InnoDB: %s\n", err_msg);
			error = DB_CORRUPTION;
			goto func_exit;
		}
next_rec:
		btr_pcur_move_to_next_user_rec(&pcur, &mtr);
	}

	error = DB_SUCCESS;
func_exit:
	btr_pcur_close(&pcur);
	mtr_commit(&mtr);
	return(error);
}

/** Error message for a delete-marked record in dict_load_index_low() */
static const char* dict_load_index_del = "delete-marked record in SYS_INDEXES";
/** Error message for table->id mismatch in dict_load_index_low() */
static const char* dict_load_index_id_err = "SYS_INDEXES.TABLE_ID mismatch";

/********************************************************************//**
Loads an index definition from a SYS_INDEXES record to dict_index_t.
If allocate=TRUE, we will create a dict_index_t structure and fill it
accordingly. If allocated=FALSE, the dict_index_t will be supplied by
the caller and filled with information read from the record.  @return
error message, or NULL on success */
UNIV_INTERN
const char*
dict_load_index_low(
/*================*/
	byte*		table_id,	/*!< in/out: table id (8 bytes),
					an "in" value if allocate=TRUE
					and "out" when allocate=FALSE */
	const char*	table_name,	/*!< in: table name */
	mem_heap_t*	heap,		/*!< in/out: temporary memory heap */
	const rec_t*	rec,		/*!< in: SYS_INDEXES record */
	ibool		allocate,	/*!< in: TRUE=allocate *index,
					FALSE=fill in a pre-allocated
					*index */
	dict_index_t**	index)		/*!< out,own: index, or NULL */
{
	const byte*	field;
	ulint		len;
	ulint		name_len;
	char*		name_buf;
	index_id_t	id;
	ulint		n_fields;
	ulint		type;
	ulint		space;

	if (allocate) {
		/* If allocate=TRUE, no dict_index_t will
		be supplied. Initialize "*index" to NULL */
		*index = NULL;
	}

	if (rec_get_deleted_flag(rec, 0)) {
		return(dict_load_index_del);
	}

	if (rec_get_n_fields_old(rec) != DICT_NUM_FIELDS__SYS_INDEXES) {
		return("wrong number of columns in SYS_INDEXES record");
	}

	field = rec_get_nth_field_old(
		rec, DICT_FLD__SYS_INDEXES__TABLE_ID, &len);
	if (len != 8) {
err_len:
		return("incorrect column length in SYS_INDEXES");
	}

	if (!allocate) {
		/* We are reading a SYS_INDEXES record. Copy the table_id */
		memcpy(table_id, (const char*) field, 8);
	} else if (memcmp(field, table_id, 8)) {
		/* Caller supplied table_id, verify it is the same
		id as on the index record */
		return(dict_load_index_id_err);
	}

	field = rec_get_nth_field_old(
		rec, DICT_FLD__SYS_INDEXES__ID, &len);
	if (len != 8) {
		goto err_len;
	}

	id = mach_read_from_8(field);

	rec_get_nth_field_offs_old(
		rec, DICT_FLD__SYS_INDEXES__DB_TRX_ID, &len);
	if (len != DATA_TRX_ID_LEN && len != UNIV_SQL_NULL) {
		goto err_len;
	}
	rec_get_nth_field_offs_old(
		rec, DICT_FLD__SYS_INDEXES__DB_ROLL_PTR, &len);
	if (len != DATA_ROLL_PTR_LEN && len != UNIV_SQL_NULL) {
		goto err_len;
	}

	field = rec_get_nth_field_old(
		rec, DICT_FLD__SYS_INDEXES__NAME, &name_len);
	if (name_len == UNIV_SQL_NULL) {
		goto err_len;
	}

	name_buf = mem_heap_strdupl(heap, (const char*) field,
				    name_len);

	field = rec_get_nth_field_old(
		rec, DICT_FLD__SYS_INDEXES__N_FIELDS, &len);
	if (len != 4) {
		goto err_len;
	}
	n_fields = mach_read_from_4(field);

	field = rec_get_nth_field_old(
		rec, DICT_FLD__SYS_INDEXES__TYPE, &len);
	if (len != 4) {
		goto err_len;
	}
	type = mach_read_from_4(field);
	if (type & (~0 << DICT_IT_BITS)) {
		return("unknown SYS_INDEXES.TYPE bits");
	}

	field = rec_get_nth_field_old(
		rec, DICT_FLD__SYS_INDEXES__SPACE, &len);
	if (len != 4) {
		goto err_len;
	}
	space = mach_read_from_4(field);

	field = rec_get_nth_field_old(
		rec, DICT_FLD__SYS_INDEXES__PAGE_NO, &len);
	if (len != 4) {
		goto err_len;
	}

	if (allocate) {
		*index = dict_mem_index_create(table_name, name_buf,
					       space, type, n_fields);
	} else {
		ut_a(*index);

		dict_mem_fill_index_struct(*index, NULL, NULL, name_buf,
					   space, type, n_fields);
	}

	(*index)->id = id;
	(*index)->page = mach_read_from_4(field);
	btr_search_index_init(*index);
	ut_ad((*index)->page);

	return(NULL);
}

/********************************************************************//**
Loads definitions for table indexes. Adds them to the data dictionary
cache.
@return DB_SUCCESS if ok, DB_CORRUPTION if corruption of dictionary
table or DB_UNSUPPORTED if table has unknown index type */
static __attribute__((nonnull))
dberr_t
dict_load_indexes(
/*==============*/
	dict_table_t*	table,	/*!< in/out: table */
	mem_heap_t*	heap,	/*!< in: memory heap for temporary storage */
	dict_err_ignore_t ignore_err)
				/*!< in: error to be ignored when
				loading the index definition */
{
	dict_table_t*	sys_indexes;
	dict_index_t*	sys_index;
	btr_pcur_t	pcur;
	dtuple_t*	tuple;
	dfield_t*	dfield;
	const rec_t*	rec;
	byte*		buf;
	mtr_t		mtr;
	dberr_t		error = DB_SUCCESS;

	ut_ad(mutex_own(&(dict_sys->mutex)));

	mtr_start(&mtr);

	sys_indexes = dict_table_get_low("SYS_INDEXES");
	sys_index = UT_LIST_GET_FIRST(sys_indexes->indexes);
	ut_ad(!dict_table_is_comp(sys_indexes));
	ut_ad(name_of_col_is(sys_indexes, sys_index,
			     DICT_FLD__SYS_INDEXES__NAME, "NAME"));
	ut_ad(name_of_col_is(sys_indexes, sys_index,
			     DICT_FLD__SYS_INDEXES__PAGE_NO, "PAGE_NO"));

	tuple = dtuple_create(heap, 1);
	dfield = dtuple_get_nth_field(tuple, 0);

	buf = static_cast<byte*>(mem_heap_alloc(heap, 8));
	mach_write_to_8(buf, table->id);

	dfield_set_data(dfield, buf, 8);
	dict_index_copy_types(tuple, sys_index, 1);

	btr_pcur_open_on_user_rec(sys_index, tuple, PAGE_CUR_GE,
				  BTR_SEARCH_LEAF, &pcur, &mtr);
	for (;;) {
		dict_index_t*	index = NULL;
		const char*	err_msg;

		if (!btr_pcur_is_on_user_rec(&pcur)) {

			/* We should allow the table to open even
			without index when DICT_ERR_IGNORE_CORRUPT is set.
			DICT_ERR_IGNORE_CORRUPT is currently only set
			for drop table */
			if (dict_table_get_first_index(table) == NULL
			    && !(ignore_err & DICT_ERR_IGNORE_CORRUPT)) {
				ib_logf(IB_LOG_LEVEL_WARN,
					"Cannot load table %s "
					"because it has no indexes in "
					"InnoDB internal data dictionary.",
					table->name);
				error = DB_CORRUPTION;
				goto func_exit;
			}

			break;
		}

		rec = btr_pcur_get_rec(&pcur);

		if ((ignore_err & DICT_ERR_IGNORE_RECOVER_LOCK)
		    && rec_get_n_fields_old(rec)
		    == DICT_NUM_FIELDS__SYS_INDEXES) {
			const byte*	field;
			ulint		len;
			field = rec_get_nth_field_old(
				rec, DICT_FLD__SYS_INDEXES__NAME, &len);

			if (len != UNIV_SQL_NULL
			    && char(*field) == char(TEMP_INDEX_PREFIX)) {
				/* Skip indexes whose name starts with
				TEMP_INDEX_PREFIX, because they will
				be dropped during crash recovery. */
				goto next_rec;
			}
		}

		err_msg = dict_load_index_low(buf, table->name, heap, rec,
					      TRUE, &index);
		ut_ad((index == NULL && err_msg != NULL)
		      || (index != NULL && err_msg == NULL));

		if (err_msg == dict_load_index_id_err) {
			/* TABLE_ID mismatch means that we have
			run out of index definitions for the table. */

			if (dict_table_get_first_index(table) == NULL
			    && !(ignore_err & DICT_ERR_IGNORE_CORRUPT)) {
				ib_logf(IB_LOG_LEVEL_WARN,
					"Failed to load the "
					"clustered index for table %s "
					"because of the following error: %s. "
					"Refusing to load the rest of the "
					"indexes (if any) and the whole table "
					"altogether.", table->name, err_msg);
				error = DB_CORRUPTION;
				goto func_exit;
			}

			break;
		} else if (err_msg == dict_load_index_del) {
			/* Skip delete-marked records. */
			goto next_rec;
		} else if (err_msg) {
			fprintf(stderr, "InnoDB: %s\n", err_msg);
			if (ignore_err & DICT_ERR_IGNORE_CORRUPT) {
				goto next_rec;
			}
			error = DB_CORRUPTION;
			goto func_exit;
		}

		ut_ad(index);

		/* Check whether the index is corrupted */
		if (dict_index_is_corrupted(index)) {
			ut_print_timestamp(stderr);
			fputs("  InnoDB: ", stderr);
			dict_index_name_print(stderr, NULL, index);
			fputs(" is corrupted\n", stderr);

			if (!srv_load_corrupted
			    && !(ignore_err & DICT_ERR_IGNORE_CORRUPT)
			    && dict_index_is_clust(index)) {
				dict_mem_index_free(index);

				error = DB_INDEX_CORRUPT;
				goto func_exit;
			} else {
				/* We will load the index if
				1) srv_load_corrupted is TRUE
				2) ignore_err is set with
				DICT_ERR_IGNORE_CORRUPT
				3) if the index corrupted is a secondary
				index */
				ut_print_timestamp(stderr);
				fputs("  InnoDB: load corrupted index ", stderr);
				dict_index_name_print(stderr, NULL, index);
				putc('\n', stderr);
			}
		}

		if (index->type & DICT_FTS
		    && !DICT_TF2_FLAG_IS_SET(table, DICT_TF2_FTS)) {
			/* This should have been created by now. */
			ut_a(table->fts != NULL);
			DICT_TF2_FLAG_SET(table, DICT_TF2_FTS);
		}

		/* We check for unsupported types first, so that the
		subsequent checks are relevant for the supported types. */
		if (index->type & ~(DICT_CLUSTERED | DICT_UNIQUE
				    | DICT_CORRUPT | DICT_FTS)) {
			ib_logf(IB_LOG_LEVEL_ERROR,
				"Unknown type %lu of index %s of table %s",
				(ulong) index->type, index->name, table->name);

			error = DB_UNSUPPORTED;
			dict_mem_index_free(index);
			goto func_exit;
		} else if (index->page == FIL_NULL
			   && !table->ibd_file_missing
			   && (!(index->type & DICT_FTS))) {

			fprintf(stderr,
				"InnoDB: Error: trying to load index %s"
				" for table %s\n"
				"InnoDB: but the index tree has been freed!\n",
				index->name, table->name);

			if (ignore_err & DICT_ERR_IGNORE_INDEX_ROOT) {
				/* If caller can tolerate this error,
				we will continue to load the index and
				let caller deal with this error. However
				mark the index and table corrupted. We
				only need to mark such in the index
				dictionary cache for such metadata corruption,
				since we would always be able to set it
				when loading the dictionary cache */
				dict_set_corrupted_index_cache_only(
					index, table);

				fprintf(stderr,
					"InnoDB: Index is corrupt but forcing"
					" load into data dictionary\n");
			} else {
corrupted:
				dict_mem_index_free(index);
				error = DB_CORRUPTION;
				goto func_exit;
			}
		} else if (!dict_index_is_clust(index)
			   && NULL == dict_table_get_first_index(table)) {

			fputs("InnoDB: Error: trying to load index ",
			      stderr);
			ut_print_name(stderr, NULL, FALSE, index->name);
			fputs(" for table ", stderr);
			ut_print_name(stderr, NULL, TRUE, table->name);
			fputs("\nInnoDB: but the first index"
			      " is not clustered!\n", stderr);

			goto corrupted;
		} else if (dict_is_sys_table(table->id)
			   && (dict_index_is_clust(index)
			       || ((table == dict_sys->sys_tables)
				   && !strcmp("ID_IND", index->name)))) {

			/* The index was created in memory already at booting
			of the database server */
			dict_mem_index_free(index);
		} else {
			dict_load_fields(index, heap);

			error = dict_index_add_to_cache(
				table, index, index->page, FALSE);

			/* The data dictionary tables should never contain
			invalid index definitions.  If we ignored this error
			and simply did not load this index definition, the
			.frm file would disagree with the index definitions
			inside InnoDB. */
			if (UNIV_UNLIKELY(error != DB_SUCCESS)) {

				goto func_exit;
			}
		}
next_rec:
		btr_pcur_move_to_next_user_rec(&pcur, &mtr);
	}

	/* If the table contains FTS indexes, populate table->fts->indexes */
	if (DICT_TF2_FLAG_IS_SET(table, DICT_TF2_FTS)) {
		/* table->fts->indexes should have been created. */
		ut_a(table->fts->indexes != NULL);
		dict_table_get_all_fts_indexes(table, table->fts->indexes);
	}

func_exit:
	btr_pcur_close(&pcur);
	mtr_commit(&mtr);

	return(error);
}

/********************************************************************//**
Loads a table definition from a SYS_TABLES record to dict_table_t.
Does not load any columns or indexes.
@return error message, or NULL on success */
UNIV_INTERN
const char*
dict_load_table_low(
/*================*/
	const char*	name,		/*!< in: table name */
	const rec_t*	rec,		/*!< in: SYS_TABLES record */
	dict_table_t**	table)		/*!< out,own: table, or NULL */
{
	const byte*	field;
	ulint		len;
	ulint		space;
	ulint		n_cols;
	ulint		flags = 0;
	ulint		flags2;

	if (rec_get_deleted_flag(rec, 0)) {
		return("delete-marked record in SYS_TABLES");
	}

	if (rec_get_n_fields_old(rec) != DICT_NUM_FIELDS__SYS_TABLES) {
		return("wrong number of columns in SYS_TABLES record");
	}

	rec_get_nth_field_offs_old(
		rec, DICT_FLD__SYS_TABLES__NAME, &len);
	if (len == 0 || len == UNIV_SQL_NULL) {
err_len:
		return("incorrect column length in SYS_TABLES");
	}
	rec_get_nth_field_offs_old(
		rec, DICT_FLD__SYS_TABLES__DB_TRX_ID, &len);
	if (len != DATA_TRX_ID_LEN && len != UNIV_SQL_NULL) {
		goto err_len;
	}
	rec_get_nth_field_offs_old(
		rec, DICT_FLD__SYS_TABLES__DB_ROLL_PTR, &len);
	if (len != DATA_ROLL_PTR_LEN && len != UNIV_SQL_NULL) {
		goto err_len;
	}

	rec_get_nth_field_offs_old(rec, DICT_FLD__SYS_TABLES__ID, &len);
	if (len != 8) {
		goto err_len;
	}

	field = rec_get_nth_field_old(
		rec, DICT_FLD__SYS_TABLES__N_COLS, &len);
	if (len != 4) {
		goto err_len;
	}

	n_cols = mach_read_from_4(field);

	rec_get_nth_field_offs_old(rec, DICT_FLD__SYS_TABLES__TYPE, &len);
	if (len != 4) {
		goto err_len;
	}

	rec_get_nth_field_offs_old(
		rec, DICT_FLD__SYS_TABLES__MIX_ID, &len);
	if (len != 8) {
		goto err_len;
	}

	field = rec_get_nth_field_old(
		rec, DICT_FLD__SYS_TABLES__MIX_LEN, &len);
	if (len != 4) {
		goto err_len;
	}

	/* MIX_LEN may hold additional flags in post-antelope file formats. */
	flags2 = mach_read_from_4(field);

	/* DICT_TF2_FTS will be set when indexes is being loaded */
	flags2 &= ~DICT_TF2_FTS;

	rec_get_nth_field_offs_old(
		rec, DICT_FLD__SYS_TABLES__CLUSTER_ID, &len);
	if (len != UNIV_SQL_NULL) {
		goto err_len;
	}

	field = rec_get_nth_field_old(
		rec, DICT_FLD__SYS_TABLES__SPACE, &len);
	if (len != 4) {
		goto err_len;
	}

	space = mach_read_from_4(field);

	/* Check if the tablespace exists and has the right name */
	flags = dict_sys_tables_get_flags(rec);

	if (UNIV_UNLIKELY(flags == ULINT_UNDEFINED)) {
		field = rec_get_nth_field_old(
			rec, DICT_FLD__SYS_TABLES__TYPE, &len);
		ut_ad(len == 4); /* this was checked earlier */
		flags = mach_read_from_4(field);

		ut_print_timestamp(stderr);
		fputs("  InnoDB: Error: table ", stderr);
		ut_print_filename(stderr, name);
		fprintf(stderr, "\n"
			"InnoDB: in InnoDB data dictionary"
			" has unknown type %lx.\n",
			(ulong) flags);
		return("incorrect flags in SYS_TABLES");
	}

	/* The high-order bit of N_COLS is the "compact format" flag.
	For tables in that format, MIX_LEN may hold additional flags. */
	if (n_cols & DICT_N_COLS_COMPACT) {
		ut_ad(flags & DICT_TF_COMPACT);

		if (flags2 & ~DICT_TF2_BIT_MASK) {
			ut_print_timestamp(stderr);
			fputs("  InnoDB: Warning: table ", stderr);
			ut_print_filename(stderr, name);
			fprintf(stderr, "\n"
				"InnoDB: in InnoDB data dictionary"
				" has unknown flags %lx.\n",
				(ulong) flags2);

			/* Clean it up and keep going */
			flags2 &= DICT_TF2_BIT_MASK;
		}
	} else {
		/* Do not trust the MIX_LEN field when the
		row format is Redundant. */
		flags2 = 0;
	}

	/* See if the tablespace is available. */
	*table = dict_mem_table_create(
		name, space, n_cols & ~DICT_N_COLS_COMPACT, flags, flags2);

	field = rec_get_nth_field_old(rec, DICT_FLD__SYS_TABLES__ID, &len);
	ut_ad(len == 8); /* this was checked earlier */

	(*table)->id = mach_read_from_8(field);

	(*table)->ibd_file_missing = FALSE;

	return(NULL);
}

/********************************************************************//**
Using the table->heap, copy the null-terminated filepath into
table->data_dir_path and replace the 'databasename/tablename.ibd'
portion with 'tablename'.
This allows SHOW CREATE TABLE to return the correct DATA DIRECTORY path.
Make this data directory path only if it has not yet been saved. */
UNIV_INTERN
void
dict_save_data_dir_path(
/*====================*/
	dict_table_t*	table,		/*!< in/out: table */
	char*		filepath)	/*!< in: filepath of tablespace */
{
	ut_ad(mutex_own(&(dict_sys->mutex)));
	ut_a(DICT_TF_HAS_DATA_DIR(table->flags));

	ut_a(!table->data_dir_path);
	ut_a(filepath);

	/* Be sure this filepath is not the default filepath. */
	char*	default_filepath = fil_make_ibd_name(table->name, false);
	if (strcmp(filepath, default_filepath)) {
		ulint pathlen = strlen(filepath);
		ut_a(pathlen < OS_FILE_MAX_PATH);
		ut_a(0 == strcmp(filepath + pathlen - 4, ".ibd"));

		table->data_dir_path = mem_heap_strdup(table->heap, filepath);
		os_file_make_data_dir_path(table->data_dir_path);
	} else {
		/* This does not change SYS_DATAFILES or SYS_TABLES
		or FSP_FLAGS on the header page of the tablespace,
		but it makes dict_table_t consistent */
		table->flags &= ~DICT_TF_MASK_DATA_DIR;
	}
	mem_free(default_filepath);
}

/*****************************************************************//**
Make sure the data_file_name is saved in dict_table_t if needed. Try to
read it from the file dictionary first, then from SYS_DATAFILES. */
UNIV_INTERN
void
dict_get_and_save_data_dir_path(
/*============================*/
	dict_table_t*	table,		/*!< in/out: table */
	bool		dict_mutex_own)	/*!< in: true if dict_sys->mutex
					is owned already */
{
	bool is_temp = DICT_TF2_FLAG_IS_SET(table, DICT_TF2_TEMPORARY);

	if (!is_temp && !table->data_dir_path && table->space) {
		char*	path = fil_space_get_first_path(table->space);

		if (!dict_mutex_own) {
			dict_mutex_enter_for_mysql();
		}
		if (!path) {
			path = dict_get_first_path(
				table->space, table->name);
		}

		if (path) {
			table->flags |= (1 << DICT_TF_POS_DATA_DIR);
			dict_save_data_dir_path(table, path);
			mem_free(path);
		}

		if (!dict_mutex_own) {
			dict_mutex_exit_for_mysql();
		}
	}
}

/********************************************************************//**
Loads a table definition and also all its index definitions, and also
the cluster definition if the table is a member in a cluster. Also loads
all foreign key constraints where the foreign key is in the table or where
a foreign key references columns in this table. Adds all these to the data
dictionary cache.
@return table, NULL if does not exist; if the table is stored in an
.ibd file, but the file does not exist, then we set the
ibd_file_missing flag TRUE in the table object we return */
UNIV_INTERN
dict_table_t*
dict_load_table(
/*============*/
	const char*	name,	/*!< in: table name in the
				databasename/tablename format */
	ibool		cached,	/*!< in: TRUE=add to cache, FALSE=do not */
	dict_err_ignore_t ignore_err)
				/*!< in: error to be ignored when loading
				table and its indexes' definition */
{
	dberr_t		err;
	dict_table_t*	table;
	dict_table_t*	sys_tables;
	btr_pcur_t	pcur;
	dict_index_t*	sys_index;
	dtuple_t*	tuple;
	mem_heap_t*	heap;
	dfield_t*	dfield;
	const rec_t*	rec;
	const byte*	field;
	ulint		len;
	char*		filepath = NULL;
	const char*	err_msg;
	mtr_t		mtr;

	ut_ad(mutex_own(&(dict_sys->mutex)));

	heap = mem_heap_create(32000);

	mtr_start(&mtr);

	sys_tables = dict_table_get_low("SYS_TABLES");
	sys_index = UT_LIST_GET_FIRST(sys_tables->indexes);
	ut_ad(!dict_table_is_comp(sys_tables));
	ut_ad(name_of_col_is(sys_tables, sys_index,
			     DICT_FLD__SYS_TABLES__ID, "ID"));
	ut_ad(name_of_col_is(sys_tables, sys_index,
			     DICT_FLD__SYS_TABLES__N_COLS, "N_COLS"));
	ut_ad(name_of_col_is(sys_tables, sys_index,
			     DICT_FLD__SYS_TABLES__TYPE, "TYPE"));
	ut_ad(name_of_col_is(sys_tables, sys_index,
			     DICT_FLD__SYS_TABLES__MIX_LEN, "MIX_LEN"));
	ut_ad(name_of_col_is(sys_tables, sys_index,
			     DICT_FLD__SYS_TABLES__SPACE, "SPACE"));

	tuple = dtuple_create(heap, 1);
	dfield = dtuple_get_nth_field(tuple, 0);

	dfield_set_data(dfield, name, ut_strlen(name));
	dict_index_copy_types(tuple, sys_index, 1);

	btr_pcur_open_on_user_rec(sys_index, tuple, PAGE_CUR_GE,
				  BTR_SEARCH_LEAF, &pcur, &mtr);
	rec = btr_pcur_get_rec(&pcur);

	if (!btr_pcur_is_on_user_rec(&pcur)
	    || rec_get_deleted_flag(rec, 0)) {
		/* Not found */
err_exit:
		btr_pcur_close(&pcur);
		mtr_commit(&mtr);
		mem_heap_free(heap);

		return(NULL);
	}

	field = rec_get_nth_field_old(
		rec, DICT_FLD__SYS_TABLES__NAME, &len);

	/* Check if the table name in record is the searched one */
	if (len != ut_strlen(name) || ut_memcmp(name, field, len) != 0) {

		goto err_exit;
	}

	err_msg = dict_load_table_low(name, rec, &table);

	if (err_msg) {

		ut_print_timestamp(stderr);
		fprintf(stderr, "  InnoDB: %s\n", err_msg);
		goto err_exit;
	}

	char	table_name[MAX_FULL_NAME_LEN + 1];

	innobase_format_name(table_name, sizeof(table_name), name, FALSE);

	btr_pcur_close(&pcur);
	mtr_commit(&mtr);

	if (table->space == 0) {
		/* The system tablespace is always available. */
	} else if (table->flags2 & DICT_TF2_DISCARDED) {

		ib_logf(IB_LOG_LEVEL_WARN,
			"Table '%s' tablespace is set as discarded.",
			table_name);

		table->ibd_file_missing = TRUE;

	} else if (!fil_space_for_table_exists_in_mem(
			table->space, name, FALSE, FALSE, true, heap,
			table->id)) {

		if (DICT_TF2_FLAG_IS_SET(table, DICT_TF2_TEMPORARY)) {
			/* Do not bother to retry opening temporary tables. */
			table->ibd_file_missing = TRUE;

		} else {
			if (!(ignore_err & DICT_ERR_IGNORE_RECOVER_LOCK)) {
				ib_logf(IB_LOG_LEVEL_ERROR,
					"Failed to find tablespace for "
					"table '%s' in the cache. "
					"Attempting to load the tablespace "
					"with space id %lu.",
					table_name, (ulong) table->space);
			}

			/* Use the remote filepath if needed. */
			/* This needs to be added to the table
			from SYS_DATAFILES */
			dict_get_and_save_data_dir_path(table, true);

			if (table->data_dir_path) {
				filepath = os_file_make_remote_pathname(
						table->data_dir_path,
						table->name, "ibd");
			}

			/* Try to open the tablespace.  We set the
			2nd param (fix_dict = false) here because we
			do not have an x-lock on dict_operation_lock */
			err = fil_open_single_table_tablespace(
				true, false, table->space,
				dict_tf_to_fsp_flags(table->flags),
				name, filepath, table);

			if (err != DB_SUCCESS) {
				/* We failed to find a sensible
				tablespace file */

				table->ibd_file_missing = TRUE;
			}
			if (filepath) {
				mem_free(filepath);
			}
		}
	}

	dict_load_columns(table, heap);

	if (cached) {
		dict_table_add_to_cache(table, TRUE, heap);
	} else {
		dict_table_add_system_columns(table, heap);
	}

	mem_heap_empty(heap);

	/* If there is no tablespace for the table then we only need to
	load the index definitions. So that we can IMPORT the tablespace
	later. When recovering table locks for resurrected incomplete
	transactions, the tablespace should exist, because DDL operations
	were not allowed while the table is being locked by a transaction. */
	dict_err_ignore_t index_load_err =
		!(ignore_err & DICT_ERR_IGNORE_RECOVER_LOCK)
		&& table->ibd_file_missing
		? DICT_ERR_IGNORE_ALL
		: ignore_err;
	err = dict_load_indexes(table, heap, index_load_err);

	if (err == DB_INDEX_CORRUPT) {
		/* Refuse to load the table if the table has a corrupted
		cluster index */
		if (!srv_load_corrupted) {
			fprintf(stderr, "InnoDB: Error: Load table ");
			ut_print_name(stderr, NULL, TRUE, table->name);
			fprintf(stderr, " failed, the table has corrupted"
					" clustered indexes. Turn on"
					" 'innodb_force_load_corrupted'"
					" to drop it\n");

			dict_table_remove_from_cache(table);
			table = NULL;
			goto func_exit;
		} else {
			dict_index_t*	clust_index;
			clust_index = dict_table_get_first_index(table);

			if (dict_index_is_corrupted(clust_index)) {
				table->corrupted = TRUE;
			}
		}
	}

	/* Initialize table foreign_child value. Its value could be
	changed when dict_load_foreigns() is called below */
	table->fk_max_recusive_level = 0;

	/* If the force recovery flag is set, we open the table irrespective
	of the error condition, since the user may want to dump data from the
	clustered index. However we load the foreign key information only if
	all indexes were loaded. */
	if (!cached || table->ibd_file_missing) {
		/* Don't attempt to load the indexes from disk. */
	} else if (err == DB_SUCCESS) {
		err = dict_load_foreigns(table->name, NULL, true, true,
					 ignore_err);

		if (err != DB_SUCCESS) {
			ib_logf(IB_LOG_LEVEL_WARN,
				"Load table '%s' failed, the table has missing "
				"foreign key indexes. Turn off "
				"'foreign_key_checks' and try again.",
				table->name);

			dict_table_remove_from_cache(table);
			table = NULL;
		} else {
			table->fk_max_recusive_level = 0;
		}
	} else {
		dict_index_t*   index;

		/* Make sure that at least the clustered index was loaded.
		Otherwise refuse to load the table */
		index = dict_table_get_first_index(table);

		if (!srv_force_recovery
		    || !index
		    || !dict_index_is_clust(index)) {

			dict_table_remove_from_cache(table);
			table = NULL;

		} else if (dict_index_is_corrupted(index)
			   && !table->ibd_file_missing) {

			/* It is possible we force to load a corrupted
			clustered index if srv_load_corrupted is set.
			Mark the table as corrupted in this case */
			table->corrupted = TRUE;
		}
	}

func_exit:
	mem_heap_free(heap);

	ut_ad(!table
	      || ignore_err != DICT_ERR_IGNORE_NONE
	      || table->ibd_file_missing
	      || !table->corrupted);

	if (table && table->fts) {
		if (!(dict_table_has_fts_index(table)
		      || DICT_TF2_FLAG_IS_SET(table, DICT_TF2_FTS_HAS_DOC_ID)
		      || DICT_TF2_FLAG_IS_SET(table, DICT_TF2_FTS_ADD_DOC_ID))) {
			/* the table->fts could be created in dict_load_column
			when a user defined FTS_DOC_ID is present, but no
			FTS */
			fts_free(table);
		} else {
			fts_optimize_add_table(table);
		}
	}

	ut_ad(err != DB_SUCCESS || dict_foreign_set_validate(*table));

	return(table);
}

/***********************************************************************//**
Loads a table object based on the table id.
@return	table; NULL if table does not exist */
UNIV_INTERN
dict_table_t*
dict_load_table_on_id(
/*==================*/
	table_id_t		table_id,	/*!< in: table id */
	dict_err_ignore_t	ignore_err)	/*!< in: errors to ignore
						when loading the table */
{
	byte		id_buf[8];
	btr_pcur_t	pcur;
	mem_heap_t*	heap;
	dtuple_t*	tuple;
	dfield_t*	dfield;
	dict_index_t*	sys_table_ids;
	dict_table_t*	sys_tables;
	const rec_t*	rec;
	const byte*	field;
	ulint		len;
	dict_table_t*	table;
	mtr_t		mtr;

	ut_ad(mutex_own(&(dict_sys->mutex)));

	table = NULL;

	/* NOTE that the operation of this function is protected by
	the dictionary mutex, and therefore no deadlocks can occur
	with other dictionary operations. */

	mtr_start(&mtr);
	/*---------------------------------------------------*/
	/* Get the secondary index based on ID for table SYS_TABLES */
	sys_tables = dict_sys->sys_tables;
	sys_table_ids = dict_table_get_next_index(
		dict_table_get_first_index(sys_tables));
	ut_ad(!dict_table_is_comp(sys_tables));
	ut_ad(!dict_index_is_clust(sys_table_ids));
	heap = mem_heap_create(256);

	tuple  = dtuple_create(heap, 1);
	dfield = dtuple_get_nth_field(tuple, 0);

	/* Write the table id in byte format to id_buf */
	mach_write_to_8(id_buf, table_id);

	dfield_set_data(dfield, id_buf, 8);
	dict_index_copy_types(tuple, sys_table_ids, 1);

	btr_pcur_open_on_user_rec(sys_table_ids, tuple, PAGE_CUR_GE,
				  BTR_SEARCH_LEAF, &pcur, &mtr);

check_rec:
	rec = btr_pcur_get_rec(&pcur);

	if (page_rec_is_user_rec(rec)) {
		/*---------------------------------------------------*/
		/* Now we have the record in the secondary index
		containing the table ID and NAME */

		field = rec_get_nth_field_old(
			rec, DICT_FLD__SYS_TABLE_IDS__ID, &len);
		ut_ad(len == 8);

		/* Check if the table id in record is the one searched for */
		if (table_id == mach_read_from_8(field)) {
			if (rec_get_deleted_flag(rec, 0)) {
				/* Until purge has completed, there
				may be delete-marked duplicate records
				for the same SYS_TABLES.ID.
				Due to Bug #60049, some delete-marked
				records may survive the purge forever. */
				if (btr_pcur_move_to_next(&pcur, &mtr)) {

					goto check_rec;
				}
			} else {
				/* Now we get the table name from the record */
				field = rec_get_nth_field_old(rec,
					DICT_FLD__SYS_TABLE_IDS__NAME, &len);
				/* Load the table definition to memory */
				table = dict_load_table(
					mem_heap_strdupl(
						heap, (char*) field, len),
					TRUE, ignore_err);
			}
		}
	}

	btr_pcur_close(&pcur);
	mtr_commit(&mtr);
	mem_heap_free(heap);

	return(table);
}

/***********************************************************************//**
Loads a table id based on the index id.
@return	true if found */
static
bool
dict_load_table_id_on_index_id(
/*==================*/
	index_id_t		index_id,  /*!< in: index id */
	table_id_t*		table_id) /*!< out: table id */
{
	/* check hard coded indexes */
	switch(index_id) {
	case DICT_TABLES_ID:
	case DICT_COLUMNS_ID:
	case DICT_INDEXES_ID:
	case DICT_FIELDS_ID:
		*table_id = index_id;
		return true;
	case DICT_TABLE_IDS_ID:
		/* The following is a secondary index on SYS_TABLES */
		*table_id = DICT_TABLES_ID;
		return true;
	}

	bool		found = false;
	mtr_t		mtr;

	ut_ad(mutex_own(&(dict_sys->mutex)));

	/* NOTE that the operation of this function is protected by
	the dictionary mutex, and therefore no deadlocks can occur
	with other dictionary operations. */

	mtr_start(&mtr);

	btr_pcur_t pcur;
	const rec_t* rec = dict_startscan_system(&pcur, &mtr, SYS_INDEXES);

	while (rec) {
		ulint len;
		const byte* field = rec_get_nth_field_old(
			rec, DICT_FLD__SYS_INDEXES__ID, &len);
		ut_ad(len == 8);

		/* Check if the index id is the one searched for */
		if (index_id == mach_read_from_8(field)) {
			found = true;
			/* Now we get the table id */
			const byte* field = rec_get_nth_field_old(
				rec,
				DICT_FLD__SYS_INDEXES__TABLE_ID,
				&len);
			*table_id = mach_read_from_8(field);
			break;
		}
		mtr_commit(&mtr);
		mtr_start(&mtr);
		rec = dict_getnext_system(&pcur, &mtr);
	}

	btr_pcur_close(&pcur);
	mtr_commit(&mtr);

	return(found);
}

UNIV_INTERN
dict_table_t*
dict_table_open_on_index_id(
/*==================*/
	index_id_t index_id,	/*!< in: index id */
	bool dict_locked)	/*!< in: dict locked */
{
	if (!dict_locked) {
		mutex_enter(&dict_sys->mutex);
	}

	ut_ad(mutex_own(&dict_sys->mutex));
	table_id_t table_id;
	dict_table_t * table = NULL;
	if (dict_load_table_id_on_index_id(index_id, &table_id)) {
		bool local_dict_locked = true;
		table = dict_table_open_on_id(table_id,
					      local_dict_locked,
					      DICT_TABLE_OP_LOAD_TABLESPACE);
	}

	if (!dict_locked) {
		mutex_exit(&dict_sys->mutex);
	}
	return table;
}

/********************************************************************//**
This function is called when the database is booted. Loads system table
index definitions except for the clustered index which is added to the
dictionary cache at booting before calling this function. */
UNIV_INTERN
void
dict_load_sys_table(
/*================*/
	dict_table_t*	table)	/*!< in: system table */
{
	mem_heap_t*	heap;

	ut_ad(mutex_own(&(dict_sys->mutex)));

	heap = mem_heap_create(1000);

	dict_load_indexes(table, heap, DICT_ERR_IGNORE_NONE);

	mem_heap_free(heap);
}

/********************************************************************//**
Loads foreign key constraint col names (also for the referenced table).
Members that must be set (and valid) in foreign:
foreign->heap
foreign->n_fields
foreign->id ('\0'-terminated)
Members that will be created and set by this function:
foreign->foreign_col_names[i]
foreign->referenced_col_names[i]
(for i=0..foreign->n_fields-1) */
static
void
dict_load_foreign_cols(
/*===================*/
	dict_foreign_t*	foreign)/*!< in/out: foreign constraint object */
{
	dict_table_t*	sys_foreign_cols;
	dict_index_t*	sys_index;
	btr_pcur_t	pcur;
	dtuple_t*	tuple;
	dfield_t*	dfield;
	const rec_t*	rec;
	const byte*	field;
	ulint		len;
	ulint		i;
	mtr_t		mtr;
	size_t		id_len;

	ut_ad(mutex_own(&(dict_sys->mutex)));

	id_len = strlen(foreign->id);

	foreign->foreign_col_names = static_cast<const char**>(
		mem_heap_alloc(foreign->heap,
			       foreign->n_fields * sizeof(void*)));

	foreign->referenced_col_names = static_cast<const char**>(
		mem_heap_alloc(foreign->heap,
			       foreign->n_fields * sizeof(void*)));

	mtr_start(&mtr);

	sys_foreign_cols = dict_table_get_low("SYS_FOREIGN_COLS");

	sys_index = UT_LIST_GET_FIRST(sys_foreign_cols->indexes);
	ut_ad(!dict_table_is_comp(sys_foreign_cols));

	tuple = dtuple_create(foreign->heap, 1);
	dfield = dtuple_get_nth_field(tuple, 0);

	dfield_set_data(dfield, foreign->id, id_len);
	dict_index_copy_types(tuple, sys_index, 1);

	btr_pcur_open_on_user_rec(sys_index, tuple, PAGE_CUR_GE,
				  BTR_SEARCH_LEAF, &pcur, &mtr);
	for (i = 0; i < foreign->n_fields; i++) {

		rec = btr_pcur_get_rec(&pcur);

		ut_a(btr_pcur_is_on_user_rec(&pcur));
		ut_a(!rec_get_deleted_flag(rec, 0));

		field = rec_get_nth_field_old(
			rec, DICT_FLD__SYS_FOREIGN_COLS__ID, &len);

		if (len != id_len || ut_memcmp(foreign->id, field, len) != 0) {
			const rec_t*	pos;
			ulint		pos_len;
			const rec_t*	for_col_name;
			ulint		for_col_name_len;
			const rec_t*	ref_col_name;
			ulint		ref_col_name_len;

			pos = rec_get_nth_field_old(
				rec, DICT_FLD__SYS_FOREIGN_COLS__POS,
				&pos_len);

			for_col_name = rec_get_nth_field_old(
				rec, DICT_FLD__SYS_FOREIGN_COLS__FOR_COL_NAME,
				&for_col_name_len);

			ref_col_name = rec_get_nth_field_old(
				rec, DICT_FLD__SYS_FOREIGN_COLS__REF_COL_NAME,
				&ref_col_name_len);

			ib_logf(IB_LOG_LEVEL_ERROR,
				"Unable to load columns names for foreign "
				"key '%s' because it was not found in "
				"InnoDB internal table SYS_FOREIGN_COLS. The "
				"closest entry we found is: "
				"(ID='%.*s', POS=%lu, FOR_COL_NAME='%.*s', "
				"REF_COL_NAME='%.*s')",
				foreign->id,
				(int) len, field,
				mach_read_from_4(pos),
				(int) for_col_name_len, for_col_name,
				(int) ref_col_name_len, ref_col_name);

			ut_error;
		}

		field = rec_get_nth_field_old(
			rec, DICT_FLD__SYS_FOREIGN_COLS__POS, &len);
		ut_a(len == 4);
		ut_a(i == mach_read_from_4(field));

		field = rec_get_nth_field_old(
			rec, DICT_FLD__SYS_FOREIGN_COLS__FOR_COL_NAME, &len);
		foreign->foreign_col_names[i] = mem_heap_strdupl(
			foreign->heap, (char*) field, len);

		field = rec_get_nth_field_old(
			rec, DICT_FLD__SYS_FOREIGN_COLS__REF_COL_NAME, &len);
		foreign->referenced_col_names[i] = mem_heap_strdupl(
			foreign->heap, (char*) field, len);

		btr_pcur_move_to_next_user_rec(&pcur, &mtr);
	}

	btr_pcur_close(&pcur);
	mtr_commit(&mtr);
}

/***********************************************************************//**
Loads a foreign key constraint to the dictionary cache.
@return	DB_SUCCESS or error code */
static __attribute__((nonnull(1), warn_unused_result))
dberr_t
dict_load_foreign(
/*==============*/
	const char*		id,
				/*!< in: foreign constraint id, must be
				'\0'-terminated */
	const char**		col_names,
				/*!< in: column names, or NULL
				to use foreign->foreign_table->col_names */
	bool			check_recursive,
				/*!< in: whether to record the foreign table
				parent count to avoid unlimited recursive
				load of chained foreign tables */
	bool			check_charsets,
				/*!< in: whether to check charset
				compatibility */
	dict_err_ignore_t	ignore_err)
				/*!< in: error to be ignored */
{
	dict_foreign_t*	foreign;
	dict_table_t*	sys_foreign;
	btr_pcur_t	pcur;
	dict_index_t*	sys_index;
	dtuple_t*	tuple;
	mem_heap_t*	heap2;
	dfield_t*	dfield;
	const rec_t*	rec;
	const byte*	field;
	ulint		len;
	ulint		n_fields_and_type;
	mtr_t		mtr;
	dict_table_t*	for_table;
	dict_table_t*	ref_table;
	size_t		id_len;

	ut_ad(mutex_own(&(dict_sys->mutex)));

	id_len = strlen(id);

	heap2 = mem_heap_create(1000);

	mtr_start(&mtr);

	sys_foreign = dict_table_get_low("SYS_FOREIGN");

	sys_index = UT_LIST_GET_FIRST(sys_foreign->indexes);
	ut_ad(!dict_table_is_comp(sys_foreign));

	tuple = dtuple_create(heap2, 1);
	dfield = dtuple_get_nth_field(tuple, 0);

	dfield_set_data(dfield, id, id_len);
	dict_index_copy_types(tuple, sys_index, 1);

	btr_pcur_open_on_user_rec(sys_index, tuple, PAGE_CUR_GE,
				  BTR_SEARCH_LEAF, &pcur, &mtr);
	rec = btr_pcur_get_rec(&pcur);

	if (!btr_pcur_is_on_user_rec(&pcur)
	    || rec_get_deleted_flag(rec, 0)) {
		/* Not found */

		fprintf(stderr,
			"InnoDB: Error: cannot load foreign constraint "
			"%s: could not find the relevant record in "
			"SYS_FOREIGN\n", id);

		btr_pcur_close(&pcur);
		mtr_commit(&mtr);
		mem_heap_free(heap2);

		return(DB_ERROR);
	}

	field = rec_get_nth_field_old(rec, DICT_FLD__SYS_FOREIGN__ID, &len);

	/* Check if the id in record is the searched one */
	if (len != id_len || ut_memcmp(id, field, len) != 0) {

		fprintf(stderr,
			"InnoDB: Error: cannot load foreign constraint "
			"%s: found %.*s instead in SYS_FOREIGN\n",
			id, (int) len, field);

		btr_pcur_close(&pcur);
		mtr_commit(&mtr);
		mem_heap_free(heap2);

		return(DB_ERROR);
	}

	/* Read the table names and the number of columns associated
	with the constraint */

	mem_heap_free(heap2);

	foreign = dict_mem_foreign_create();

	n_fields_and_type = mach_read_from_4(
		rec_get_nth_field_old(
			rec, DICT_FLD__SYS_FOREIGN__N_COLS, &len));

	ut_a(len == 4);

	/* We store the type in the bits 24..29 of n_fields_and_type. */

	foreign->type = (unsigned int) (n_fields_and_type >> 24);
	foreign->n_fields = (unsigned int) (n_fields_and_type & 0x3FFUL);

	foreign->id = mem_heap_strdupl(foreign->heap, id, id_len);

	field = rec_get_nth_field_old(
		rec, DICT_FLD__SYS_FOREIGN__FOR_NAME, &len);

	foreign->foreign_table_name = mem_heap_strdupl(
		foreign->heap, (char*) field, len);
	dict_mem_foreign_table_name_lookup_set(foreign, TRUE);

	field = rec_get_nth_field_old(
		rec, DICT_FLD__SYS_FOREIGN__REF_NAME, &len);
	foreign->referenced_table_name = mem_heap_strdupl(
		foreign->heap, (char*) field, len);
	dict_mem_referenced_table_name_lookup_set(foreign, TRUE);

	btr_pcur_close(&pcur);
	mtr_commit(&mtr);

	dict_load_foreign_cols(foreign);

	ref_table = dict_table_check_if_in_cache_low(
			foreign->referenced_table_name_lookup);

	/* We could possibly wind up in a deep recursive calls if
	we call dict_table_get_low() again here if there
	is a chain of tables concatenated together with
	foreign constraints. In such case, each table is
	both a parent and child of the other tables, and
	act as a "link" in such table chains.
	To avoid such scenario, we would need to check the
	number of ancesters the current table has. If that
	exceeds DICT_FK_MAX_CHAIN_LEN, we will stop loading
	the child table.
	Foreign constraints are loaded in a Breath First fashion,
	that is, the index on FOR_NAME is scanned first, and then
	index on REF_NAME. So foreign constrains in which
	current table is a child (foreign table) are loaded first,
	and then those constraints where current table is a
	parent (referenced) table.
	Thus we could check the parent (ref_table) table's
	reference count (fk_max_recusive_level) to know how deep the
	recursive call is. If the parent table (ref_table) is already
	loaded, and its fk_max_recusive_level is larger than
	DICT_FK_MAX_CHAIN_LEN, we will stop the recursive loading
	by skipping loading the child table. It will not affect foreign
	constraint check for DMLs since child table will be loaded
	at that time for the constraint check. */
	if (!ref_table
	    || ref_table->fk_max_recusive_level < DICT_FK_MAX_RECURSIVE_LOAD) {

		/* If the foreign table is not yet in the dictionary cache, we
		have to load it so that we are able to make type comparisons
		in the next function call. */

		for_table = dict_table_get_low(foreign->foreign_table_name_lookup);

		if (for_table && ref_table && check_recursive) {
			/* This is to record the longest chain of ancesters
			this table has, if the parent has more ancesters
			than this table has, record it after add 1 (for this
			parent */
			if (ref_table->fk_max_recusive_level
			    >= for_table->fk_max_recusive_level) {
				for_table->fk_max_recusive_level =
					 ref_table->fk_max_recusive_level + 1;
			}
		}
	}

	/* Note that there may already be a foreign constraint object in
	the dictionary cache for this constraint: then the following
	call only sets the pointers in it to point to the appropriate table
	and index objects and frees the newly created object foreign.
	Adding to the cache should always succeed since we are not creating
	a new foreign key constraint but loading one from the data
	dictionary. */

	return(dict_foreign_add_to_cache(foreign, col_names, check_charsets,
					 ignore_err));
}

/***********************************************************************//**
Loads foreign key constraints where the table is either the foreign key
holder or where the table is referenced by a foreign key. Adds these
constraints to the data dictionary. Note that we know that the dictionary
cache already contains all constraints where the other relevant table is
already in the dictionary cache.
@return	DB_SUCCESS or error code */
UNIV_INTERN
dberr_t
dict_load_foreigns(
/*===============*/
	const char*		table_name,	/*!< in: table name */
	const char**		col_names,	/*!< in: column names, or NULL
						to use table->col_names */
	bool			check_recursive,/*!< in: Whether to check
						recursive load of tables
						chained by FK */
	bool			check_charsets,	/*!< in: whether to check
						charset compatibility */
	dict_err_ignore_t	ignore_err)	/*!< in: error to be ignored */
{
	ulint		tuple_buf[(DTUPLE_EST_ALLOC(1) + sizeof(ulint) - 1)
				/ sizeof(ulint)];
	btr_pcur_t	pcur;
	dtuple_t*	tuple;
	dfield_t*	dfield;
	dict_index_t*	sec_index;
	dict_table_t*	sys_foreign;
	const rec_t*	rec;
	const byte*	field;
	ulint		len;
	dberr_t		err;
	mtr_t		mtr;

	ut_ad(mutex_own(&(dict_sys->mutex)));

	sys_foreign = dict_table_get_low("SYS_FOREIGN");

	if (sys_foreign == NULL) {
		/* No foreign keys defined yet in this database */

		fprintf(stderr,
			"InnoDB: Error: no foreign key system tables"
			" in the database\n");

		return(DB_ERROR);
	}

	ut_ad(!dict_table_is_comp(sys_foreign));
	mtr_start(&mtr);

	/* Get the secondary index based on FOR_NAME from table
	SYS_FOREIGN */

	sec_index = dict_table_get_next_index(
		dict_table_get_first_index(sys_foreign));
	ut_ad(!dict_index_is_clust(sec_index));
start_load:

	tuple = dtuple_create_from_mem(tuple_buf, sizeof(tuple_buf), 1);
	dfield = dtuple_get_nth_field(tuple, 0);

	dfield_set_data(dfield, table_name, ut_strlen(table_name));
	dict_index_copy_types(tuple, sec_index, 1);

	btr_pcur_open_on_user_rec(sec_index, tuple, PAGE_CUR_GE,
				  BTR_SEARCH_LEAF, &pcur, &mtr);
loop:
	rec = btr_pcur_get_rec(&pcur);

	if (!btr_pcur_is_on_user_rec(&pcur)) {
		/* End of index */

		goto load_next_index;
	}

	/* Now we have the record in the secondary index containing a table
	name and a foreign constraint ID */

	field = rec_get_nth_field_old(
		rec, DICT_FLD__SYS_FOREIGN_FOR_NAME__NAME, &len);

	/* Check if the table name in the record is the one searched for; the
	following call does the comparison in the latin1_swedish_ci
	charset-collation, in a case-insensitive way. */

	if (0 != cmp_data_data(dfield_get_type(dfield)->mtype,
			       dfield_get_type(dfield)->prtype,
			       static_cast<const byte*>(
				       dfield_get_data(dfield)),
			       dfield_get_len(dfield),
			       field, len)) {

		goto load_next_index;
	}

	/* Since table names in SYS_FOREIGN are stored in a case-insensitive
	order, we have to check that the table name matches also in a binary
	string comparison. On Unix, MySQL allows table names that only differ
	in character case.  If lower_case_table_names=2 then what is stored
	may not be the same case, but the previous comparison showed that they
	match with no-case.  */

	if (rec_get_deleted_flag(rec, 0)) {
		goto next_rec;
	}

	if ((innobase_get_lower_case_table_names() != 2)
	    && (0 != ut_memcmp(field, table_name, len))) {
		goto next_rec;
	}

	/* Now we get a foreign key constraint id */
	field = rec_get_nth_field_old(
		rec, DICT_FLD__SYS_FOREIGN_FOR_NAME__ID, &len);

	/* Copy the string because the page may be modified or evicted
	after mtr_commit() below. */
	char	fk_id[MAX_TABLE_NAME_LEN + 1];

	ut_a(len <= MAX_TABLE_NAME_LEN);
	memcpy(fk_id, field, len);
	fk_id[len] = '\0';

	btr_pcur_store_position(&pcur, &mtr);

	mtr_commit(&mtr);

	/* Load the foreign constraint definition to the dictionary cache */

	err = dict_load_foreign(fk_id, col_names,
				check_recursive, check_charsets, ignore_err);

	if (err != DB_SUCCESS) {
		btr_pcur_close(&pcur);

		return(err);
	}

	mtr_start(&mtr);

	btr_pcur_restore_position(BTR_SEARCH_LEAF, &pcur, &mtr);
next_rec:
	btr_pcur_move_to_next_user_rec(&pcur, &mtr);

	goto loop;

load_next_index:
	btr_pcur_close(&pcur);
	mtr_commit(&mtr);

	sec_index = dict_table_get_next_index(sec_index);

	if (sec_index != NULL) {

		mtr_start(&mtr);

		/* Switch to scan index on REF_NAME, fk_max_recusive_level
		already been updated when scanning FOR_NAME index, no need to
		update again */
		check_recursive = FALSE;

		goto start_load;
	}

	return(DB_SUCCESS);
}