Close #19787: PyThread_set_key_value() now always set the value. In Python 3.3,

the function did nothing if the key already exists (if the current value is a
non-NULL pointer).

_testcapi.run_in_subinterp() now correctly sets the new Python thread state of
the current thread when a subinterpreter is created.

Doc/whatsnew/3.4.rst

@@ -1068,3 +1068,8 @@ that may require changes to your code.
   working directory will also now have an absolute path, including when using
   ``-m`` with the interpreter (this does not influence when the path to a file
   is specified on the command-line).
+
+* (C API) :c:func:`PyThread_set_key_value` now always set the value. In Python
+  3.3, the function did nothing if the key already exists (if the current
+  value is a non-NULL pointer).
+

Misc/NEWS

@@ -10,6 +10,10 @@ Release date: 2014-01-05
 Core and Builtins
 -----------------
 
+- Issue #19787: PyThread_set_key_value() now always set the value. In Python
+  3.3, the function did nothing if the key already exists (if the current value
+  is a non-NULL pointer).
+
 - Issue #14432: Remove the thread state field from the frame structure. Fix a
   crash when a generator is created in a C thread that is destroyed while the
   generator is still used. The issue was that a generator contains a frame, and

Modules/_testcapimodule.c

@@ -2511,6 +2511,10 @@ run_in_subinterp(PyObject *self, PyObject *args)
     r = PyRun_SimpleString(code);
     Py_EndInterpreter(substate);
 
+    /* restore previous thread safe. It was replaced by Py_NewInterpreter()
+       which creates a new thread state. */
+    _PyThreadState_Init(mainstate);
+
     PyThreadState_Swap(mainstate);
 
     return PyLong_FromLong(r);

Modules/_tracemalloc.c

@@ -168,14 +168,11 @@ set_reentrant(int reentrant)
     assert(reentrant == 0 || reentrant == 1);
     if (reentrant) {
         assert(PyThread_get_key_value(tracemalloc_reentrant_key) == NULL);
-        PyThread_set_key_value(tracemalloc_reentrant_key,
-                               REENTRANT);
+        PyThread_set_key_value(tracemalloc_reentrant_key, REENTRANT);
     }
     else {
-        /* FIXME: PyThread_set_key_value() cannot be used to set the flag
-           to zero, because it does nothing if the variable has already
-           a value set. */
-        PyThread_delete_key_value(tracemalloc_reentrant_key);
+        assert(PyThread_get_key_value(tracemalloc_reentrant_key) == REENTRANT);
+        PyThread_set_key_value(tracemalloc_reentrant_key, NULL);
     }
 }
 

Python/thread.c

@@ -205,7 +205,7 @@ static int nkeys = 0;  /* PyThread_create_key() hands out nkeys+1 next */
  * segfaults.  Now we lock the whole routine.
  */
 static struct key *
-find_key(int key, void *value)
+find_key(int key, int update, void *value)
 {
     struct key *p, *prev_p;
     long id = PyThread_get_thread_ident();
@@ -215,8 +215,11 @@ find_key(int key, void *value)
     PyThread_acquire_lock(keymutex, 1);
     prev_p = NULL;
     for (p = keyhead; p != NULL; p = p->next) {
-        if (p->id == id && p->key == key)
+        if (p->id == id && p->key == key) {
+            if (update)
+                p->value = value;
             goto Done;
+        }
         /* Sanity check.  These states should never happen but if
          * they do we must abort.  Otherwise we'll end up spinning in
          * in a tight loop with the lock held.  A similar check is done
@@ -227,7 +230,7 @@ find_key(int key, void *value)
         if (p->next == keyhead)
             Py_FatalError("tls find_key: circular list(!)");
     }
-    if (value == NULL) {
+    if (!update && value == NULL) {
         assert(p == NULL);
         goto Done;
     }
@@ -279,19 +282,12 @@ PyThread_delete_key(int key)
     PyThread_release_lock(keymutex);
 }
 
-/* Confusing:  If the current thread has an association for key,
- * value is ignored, and 0 is returned.  Else an attempt is made to create
- * an association of key to value for the current thread.  0 is returned
- * if that succeeds, but -1 is returned if there's not enough memory
- * to create the association.  value must not be NULL.
- */
 int
 PyThread_set_key_value(int key, void *value)
 {
     struct key *p;
 
-    assert(value != NULL);
-    p = find_key(key, value);
+    p = find_key(key, 1, value);
     if (p == NULL)
         return -1;
     else
@@ -304,7 +300,7 @@ PyThread_set_key_value(int key, void *value)
 void *
 PyThread_get_key_value(int key)
 {
-    struct key *p = find_key(key, NULL);
+    struct key *p = find_key(key, 0, NULL);
 
     if (p == NULL)
         return NULL;

Python/thread_nt.h

@@ -389,20 +389,11 @@ PyThread_delete_key(int key)
     TlsFree(key);
 }
 
-/* We must be careful to emulate the strange semantics implemented in thread.c,
- * where the value is only set if it hasn't been set before.
- */
 int
 PyThread_set_key_value(int key, void *value)
 {
     BOOL ok;
-    void *oldvalue;
 
-    assert(value != NULL);
-    oldvalue = TlsGetValue(key);
-    if (oldvalue != NULL)
-        /* ignore value if already set */
-        return 0;
     ok = TlsSetValue(key, value);
     if (!ok)
         return -1;

Python/thread_pthread.h

@@ -627,9 +627,6 @@ int
 PyThread_set_key_value(int key, void *value)
 {
     int fail;
-    void *oldValue = pthread_getspecific(key);
-    if (oldValue != NULL)
-        return 0;
     fail = pthread_setspecific(key, value);
     return fail ? -1 : 0;
 }