bpo-46070: Fix asyncio initialisation guard (GH-30423)

If init flag is set, exit successfully immediately.
If not, only set the flag after successful initialization.
(cherry picked from commit b127e70a8a)

Co-authored-by: Erlend Egeberg Aasland <erlend.aasland@innova.no>

Misc/NEWS.d/next/Library/2022-01-07-13-51-22.bpo-46070.-axLUW.rst

@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+Fix possible segfault when importing the :mod:`asyncio` module from
+different sub-interpreters in parallel. Patch by Erlend E. Aasland.

Modules/_asynciomodule.c

@@ -3309,17 +3309,14 @@ static int
 module_init(void)
 {
     PyObject *module = NULL;
+    if (module_initialized) {
+        return 0;
+    }
 
     asyncio_mod = PyImport_ImportModule("asyncio");
     if (asyncio_mod == NULL) {
         goto fail;
     }
-    if (module_initialized != 0) {
-        return 0;
-    }
-    else {
-        module_initialized = 1;
-    }
 
     current_tasks = PyDict_New();
     if (current_tasks == NULL) {
@@ -3380,6 +3377,7 @@ module_init(void)
         goto fail;
     }
 
+    module_initialized = 1;
     Py_DECREF(module);
     return 0;